Vapor Displacement Refueling Including Onboard Internally Recirculating Chemical Looping Combustion System

ABSTRACT

A multiply redundant safety system that protects humans and assets while transfer(s)/fuelling of on road/off road, rail, marine, aircraft, spacecraft, rockets, and all other vehicles/vessels utilizing Compressed and or Liquefied Gas Fuels/compound(s). Utilizing Natural Gas Chemical Family of Hydrogen/Propane/ethane/ammonia/and any mixtures along with or with out oxidizer(s), such as Liquefied Oxygen, Oxygen Triplet (O3)/ozone/hydrogen peroxide/peroxide/solid oxidizer(s) one or more processors, utilizing Artificial Intelligence techniques/machine learning in combination with one or more sensors; in combination with one or more micro switches/actuator(s) combine to detect any leaks/fire(s)/or explosion hazards/vehicle motion/arc&#39;s, spark(s)/and other hazards for quickly mitigating/locking out/stopping fueling/gas/transfers/vehicle releasing system(s).

This application claims priority from provisional patent applicationNos. 62/959,824, 62/959,830 and 62/959,840 which are hereby incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

BACKGROUND Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to refueling safety and moreparticularly to refueling safety for refueling land vehicles, barges,ships, spacecraft and any other type of vehicle. In particular,communications aspects of safety systems.

Description of the Problem Solved

Clean fuels are emerging globally. Natural Gas, Hydrogen, Propane,Ethane, and Ammonia plus derivatives and mixtures fromBio-methane/Hythane/Synthetic Gas and any gas supplied from algae.Cultivating algae is a promising clean fuel/fuel mixture to assist inlowering the carbon emissions. The planet earth's population keepsincreasing, along with this Increase, is the fact that ourTransportation/Work vehicles needs will also increase. Utilizing Clean,Safe, Natural Gas and/or Hydrogen/Propane/Ethane/Ammonia and/or it'sderivatives/compounds will benefit all. The use of Bio-methane/Bio-gasalone or mixed with methane/Hydrogen mixed with methane (Hythene) haspositive carbon reduction results. Landfills, farms, and municipal wasteplants are all sources of Bio-gas. All of these fuel(s)/mixtures are anabundant source of fuel.

Safely fuelling and or transferring compressed and or liquefied gaseousmaterials can be challenging, first they have a low vapor pressure,therefore to maintain liquid state they must be kept under pressure, andsome require cryogenic temperature to maintain liquid state. Theseproperties, cryogenic liquefied gas, require specializedhandling/equipment to properly contain/transfer/fuel with, weathertransfer/fuelling system is onboard vehicle/vessel/land based. Safety isparamount, protecting life and asset must be the number one priority,and all parties from Government regulators, Insurance Industry,Suppliers, to end users need to understand the Safety culture necessaryto handle compressed/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer(s). Utilizingmodern technology, such as Artificial/Synthetic Intelligence, with stateof the art equipment, will diminish opportunity for accidents to occur.Clean emissions, from clean fuels, from clean safe transfers, willcontribute to Clean Air for all.

-   /=and/or Virgule means and/or through-out the body of work.

There are also multiple different systems/paths for fuel consumption.The combustion engine has been vastly improved to increase efficiencyand reduce emissions, now achieving near zero emissions. The vehicleemission reductions, when quantified, are substantial, and clean fuelsare a key component of the reductions. There are alsoturbines/micro-turbines, rotary engines, and various types of fuelcells. Fuel cell efficiency as well as internal combustion, may also beimproved with increased oxygen % percentage(s) of system intake.Oxygen/Natural Gas/Hydrogen/Propane/ethane/ammonia (NGHPETA/O) may beseparated, and or produced onboard or it may be supplied as acompressed/liquefied gas; also, any onboard reformer/gas cleavingcleaving/separation process onboard is also with-in the scope of thisinvention; such as stripping H2 out from CH-4, by high temp./steamcracking/reformer on the vehicle, for use asfuel/fuel-compound/oxidizer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an Onboard Internally RecirculatingChemical Looping Combustion System (IRCLCS) process makes use of oxygencarriers, such as metal oxides, which are circulated and/orre-circulate, by pneumatic transfer and gravity. The metal oxides areoxidized in the oxidizer reformer, which oxidizes and transfers via(Bed) Air Blower (AB) up to a cyclone vessel, and then dropped viagravity due to decrease of flow rate; of feet per second (FPS), drop-offdue to greater volume of cyclone. The angled cyclone, greater than theangle of repose, will ensure metal oxides fall into the “KAT SEAL”, viagravity. A flue outlet at top of cyclone will capture system heat andtransfer to the optional pre and post super heater headers, the flue gasmay be drawn downward via an induced draft fan with variable speedcontrol, this inverted heat trap is designed for system heat capture,may also contain an optional aqueous ammonia injection system for NOXreduction, along with an automatic self cleaning, (bag) filteringsystem.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows a ship refueling system with valves.

FIG. 2 shows a barge refueling system.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a barge refueling system.

FIG. 4 shows a redundant fueling safety system.

FIG. 5 shows a surge tank system with valves.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a surge tank system with valves.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a refueling system in an raisedconfiguration.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a refueling system in an loweredconfiguration.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic of the Onboard Internally RecirculatingChemical Looping Combustion System (IRCLCS).

FIG. 10 shows a bucket wheel in IRCLCS.

FIG. 11 shows a screw lift in IRCLCS.

FIG. 12 shows a double screw lift in IRCLCS.

FIG. 13 shows a belt lift in IRCLCS.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a safety shutdown system.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The control system/computerized automated/semi-automated/manualsystem(s) will network locally and remotely, communication/datacommunications may be achieved by wire/coax/coax R.F./RFoF/wirelessly byradio and/or light; such as Optical wirelessly communications, (OWC)and/or any combination of the listed methods. This includes fiber opticcables, fiber optic sensor(s), radio/optical communication/datainterfaces, radio waves, coax, coax R.F., radio to optical conversions,optical to radio conversions, data to radio conversions, radio to data,any local radio/optical transmissions/receivers, Radio Frequency overOptical (RFoF)/any light transmissions/receivers, multiple frequencies,multiple wavelengths, multiple combinations of light and/or radio,between fuelling/transfer(s) system, land based, and vehicle(s) orvehicle to vehicle, if fueling system is on a vessel. Plus, utilizing avoting/polling program/system; whereby three communications/methods maybe utilized, for example two radio signals (different frequencies) and ahard-wire or fiber optic back up, if any one fails, the other two arevoted/polled to ensure communications are valid; system(s) continuesoperations; if two communication of the three are lost, voting/pollingwill signal an interruption, thus a signal out put; and an ESD emergencyshut-down trip will occur. The voting/polling by ⅔ two of threecommunication link(s) must be active, this will reduce spurious trips,and communication errors. Any combination of wired/wirelessly byradio/light may be included in the voting/polling proof of communicationsystem functioning system. Also, Transmission Control Protocol/InternetProtocol TCP/IP is dependable, robust, communications and may also servealone or in parallel, for communication/information datatransmission/receiving.

Networks may be local area networks (LAN) or Wide/remote networks (WAN).Modern communication systems more available, private/leasedcommunication system(s) will benefit Gas/Liquefied Gas transfer systemswith protections from cyber-crimes. Satellite systems can provide theprivacy, and redundancy, for example, the means of fiber re-routingduring times of interference such as weather events. Switching, both byroute, and method, coax/coax R.F./RFoF/Radio/light/OWC providesredundant methods, and/or routes to gather/analyze/live streamvideo/information/data about clients, shipments, transfers, durations,delays, volume(s), safety systems, operations systems, operationalsafety status, vehicle information, arrival times, possiblebottlenecking, and many more data points/data information related toliquefied/compressed gas transfers. Satellite communications systems isan excellent option for ships transiting the globe; andfueling/transfer(s) of liquefied/compressed gas may occur at sea,satellite communications can be by radio/optical/both standing aloneand/or combined for robust communications.

The control system/transfer area/vehicle/vessels may have adjustableantennae for radio/light transmission and/or reception. The adjustableantennae can be manual/automatic, the antennae/dish/transmitter/receivermay be local and/or remote communications such as by satellite/vehicleto vehicle. This will be advantageous for signal strength duringcommunications. Proper communications will benefit all parties withback-up/uninterrupted communications.

State of the art transfers will include the use of ArtificialIntelligence, Machine learning, or Deep learning utilizing high speedimaging or the use of digital high speed camera(s); photodiode/arraysensors that include both the visual and non-visual spectrum (such asI.R.) to input photo imaging into processors for deep processor learningor “Machine learning”. Repetitive vehicle/vessel fueling/transfers canbenefit, data recall will inform system(s)/files, on physical data, aswell as preparation documentation and check-list, and more. Repetitivemotions, Steps, or processes are “Learned” by processor, and repetitiveactions and/or responses are then learned and acted upon as learned.Other Optical, magnetic, and ultrasonic inputs are also included in thebody of this invention. Deep learning utilizes one or more inputs foralgorithms to process information inputs, then learns (deep learning)the inputs and outputs required to perform the/multiple task(s)/task,thereby creating its own step by step “code/coding and/or Flowcharting”.Deep learning and/or machine learning may be performed by GraphicProcessor(s) Units but can also utilize Quantum computing on a Quantumbus or network. Quantum logic gates and networks are safer due tovalidation process capabilities within the system. Quantum networks maybe LAN (local area networks) or they may be WAN (wide area networks)wirelessly connected to multiple different networking systems viasatellite by Radio and/or fiber optic links/optical wirelessnetworks/and/or any combination of radio and/or light. Analog or digitalsignals are both conditioned and fed, which are processed into complexalgorithms which decipher input signals and determine precise outputsfor repetitive/motions and/or actions, and quantum/GPUPU(s) computingenhanced with optical/coax/coax R.F./RFoF (Radio Frequency over FiberOptic) network(s)/computing with high bandwidth on the bus/network,computing at speeds in which these sophisticated algorithms compute inreal time, therefore allowing the artificial intelligence to function athigh real time speed. Having an array of GPU/GPUPU/Quantum processors(including linear array) is also with-in the scope of this invention, orany standard binary processor(s). Also any computer system that maycommunicate with the processor(s) such as graphics processors (GPU) plusGPUPU-graphics processing unit with processing unit(s). Sensors such asaccelerometer (optical or magnetic) with three dimension (tri-axialaccelerometer(s)) motion, and/or multiple accelerometers coupled to aprocessor to compute three dimensional motion(s)/inertial motion unit(s)for detection/signaling omni-vector motion/movement/distances, onland/at sea, plus photodiodes/arrays and/or Infrared photodiodes/arrayswith high speed photo capabilities, and/or optical (filtered) high speedimaging with Infrared capabilities, which utilizes analog or digitalimaging as an input. Cellular Visual Micro processing/Digital imageprocessing/camera image processing may also be utilized for inputs.

Many different systems and components make up complexcompressed/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer(s), they allparticipate/communicate in a intelligent control system/network.Inputs/outputs, such as electrical starters, contactor(s), transferswitches, transformer(s), inverter(s), UPS systems(s)—w/bypass,batteries (stacks/bank(s)) relay(s)(multiple design, style, contacts,voltages, poles, coils) auxiliary relays/contact(s), ampere(s) detector,voltage detector(s), actuator(s), processor(s), micro-controller(s),remote terminal unit(s), computers, computer peripherals (mouse, touchscreen, monitor(s), keyboard/keypad (magnetic/optical) magnetic reader,optical reader, mouse (optical/magnetic), Track/roller ball (mouse),joy-stick, controller, microphone, printer(s), Ink cartridges,monitor(s), display(s), speaker(s)), power supply, central processingunit (CPU), sequencer/micro-sequencer, hard drives, power supplies, mainboards, optical/magnetic drives, optical/magnetic readers, graphicsprocessing unit (GPU), general purpose graphics processing unit-(GPGPU),external GPU (EGPU), integrated graphics processing unit(s)(IGPU),memory, hard drive, flash drive, cd/dvd drive, modem, router(s),software, firmware, application software, App's, operating system(s),cloud storage, cloud computing, application programming interface(A.P.I.), web servers, cloud distributed network, remote terminal unit,remote telemetry unit, remote tele-control unit, distributed controlsystem (D.C.S.), nodes, module(s), bandwidth, network bandwidth, databandwidth, digital bandwidth, Supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA), master system, master data base, information system(s),Bridging (network, computer networks/interface(s), computer cluster,grid computer, super computer, quantum computing, “quant” computer,VIOP/telephone(s), servers, crossover cable, antennae (line of site andomni-directional, radio transceiver(s), optical wireless communications(OWC), OWC Ultra-short range, OWC short range, OWC medium range, OWCLong range, OWC Ultra-long range, Radio waves to mechanicalvibration/oscillations to optical conversions/vise-versa/radio frequencyover fiber (RFoF), light modulated by a radio frequency signal andtransmitter over fiber optic link/cable, Intermediate frequency (IF-overfiber) (lower radio freq.), Fiber to the antenna (FTTA) an optical toelectrical (O/E) converter, Satellite Communications on L-Band frequencyrange, Satellite Communications on Ka band, fiber optic amplifier(s),sectorized antenna, omni-directionalantenna/system/processor(s)/controller(s) networks/data transmissionnetwork(s), internet, either-net, extranet, wide area networks, localarea networks, wired networks, wireless network(s), optical networks,coaxial/(RF-coaxial) networks, buss network, network cable(s), fiberoptic cable(s), satellite radio and/or optical/combined, network(s),radio network, radio/optical networks combined, cellular network(s) (2G,3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, CMDA), TCP/IP protocol networks, WiFi network(s),computer system interface(s), cloud computing, operating system(s),Module(s), distributed control system(s), remote terminal unit(s), firedetection system(s), motion system(s), gas detection system(s),explosion detection system(s), vehicle lock-out(s), compressed/liquefiedgas fuelling/transfer system(s)/apparatus: (pumps, exchangers,evaporators, compressors, valves (various styles/specifications),controllers, Gas Combustion units, flares, knock-out/surge drum, vacuumpump(s), instrumentation, power supplies, tank(s), pipe, fittings,hoses, connectors, flow-meter(s), insulation (vacuum jacket) system(s),vehicle release system(s), fuelling/transfer line(s) release system(s),seismic detection system(s)/sensor(s).

The fuelling/transfer systems may utilize/be configured to utilizemultiple different programs/learned programs, such as evolutionaryalgorithms, algorithms, differential evolution, automated planning andscheduling, automated reasoning, automation, speech recognition, speakerrecognition, image processing, intelligent word recognition, objectrecognition, optical mark recognition, silent speech interface, Hybridintelligence system(s), intelligent agent, intelligent control datamining, process mining, information extraction, image recognition, imageretrieval, deep learning, are all facets of artificial intelligence(A.I.) or synthetic Intelligence.

The use of Artificial Intelligence for repetitive motions performed fora Natural Gas Chemical Family/Hydrogen/Propane/ethane/ammonia Vehiclefueling events are within the scope of this invention, such as,automated planning and scheduling, automated reasoning, automation,speech recognition, speaker recognition, image processing, intelligentword recognition, object recognition, photodiode/photodiode array, fiberoptic imaging/High speed camera, high speed imagery, Hybrids, I.R.,artificial vision, LIDAR, acoustical/ultrasonic mark/recognition,optical mark recognition, silent speech interface, Hybrid intelligencesystem(s), intelligent agent, intelligent control data mining, processmining, information extraction, image recognition, image retrieval, deeplearning, which includes location positioning/3-dimensional positioning,mapping, GPS/Cellular Positioning systems, tank positioning, mooring,tether line/tethering, LVDT/rotary encoder detecting for mooring,anchoring, docking, parking, positioning, elevation, depth, distances,movements, motions, of vehicle (weather wheeled, tracked, Barge(mechanized), ship, spacecraft, aircraft, or rocket). Also included arerepetitive motions for fuelling connections, weather it be the coupler,rotating coupler, coupler locking mechanism, articulating arm, rotatingarm, extension, rotating extension, connector, rotating connector,sliding arm/connector, rotating sliding arm/connection, bridge,articulating bridge, with sliding or rotating base/tank/manifoldelevation. Artificial Intelligence capabilities will insure safe NaturalGas chemical family vehicle/tank positions/elevations, and/orhydrogen/propane/ethane/ammonia connections to repeat with safe accuratetransfers each and every fuelling event. Sensors such as magnetic,optical, and ultrasonic will provide inputs, outputs, and feedbacksignals for the processor/s to compute locations/positions of thefueling tank(s)/connector(s) via networked data transmission(s). Signalssuch as Torque, strain/gage, force, light (visible or nonvisible)(OWC)—Optical wireless communications, and communicate theseinputs by wire, bus duct, wirelessly, via radio and/or light/fiberoptic/coax/cable/coax R.F. cable/RFoF and/or any combination there-ofto/from processor/s/system network. The processor(s) will respond frominput(s), (learning) intelligently, utilizing A.I. retrieval/recognition(Images) to respond with signal(s) and outputs which will automaticallyfunction as learned/programmed to provide safe fuelling connection(s)with vehicle; or not, and provide feedback signals for furtherinformation processing. Such as informing operations: “Proper ConnectionSuccessfully Made” or “Failure due to A, B, or C error”; of whichfurther action may be necessary by human interface, such as manual(human) assist with a joystick/controller/perhipal device.

Vehicle lock-out is any means/method to disable the vehicle frommovement/motion during fuelling/transfer event. This includes,transmission/ignition/mooring/parking/docking devices, including A.I.input(s) and/or positioning (GPS/Cellular positioning)/motion detectionby optical and/or ultrasonic sensor(s) standing alone and/or combined orsimply accelerometer(s)/tri-axial accelerometer(s) coupled toprocessor(s) to computer motion, or by radio/light/mechanical/electricaldevice such as tether to switch/series circuit detection device. Thesystem may be activated manually/automatically once a vehicle ispositioned and/or any optical, magnetic, ultrasonic sensor(s); some mayindicate vehicle position and/or compartment/lid/door/connection tofuelling/transfer system is detected, and/or simply by operator input.

To detect omni-directional vehicular movement/distances/motion(s),multiple sensor(s) may be utilized to perform different functions,standing alone and/or in a cascading control system to perform afuelling/transfer lock-out (and/or release) and/or automaticfueling/transfer line release/disconnect/vehicle lock-out release. Theuse of one or more micro-switches, combine to automatically mitigateexcess movement/motion(s) by initiation of fuelling/transfer(s) lock-outsystem, closing isolation valves (or diverting flow, with vehicle(s)flow isolated) to prevent/disable fuel flow/transfer(s). The use of oneor more sensor(s) such as optical and/or ultrasonic that detectmotion/movement/excessive motion/movement (above or greater thanpredetermined stop limit(s), can be sensor(s) such as laser and/or radarmeasurement sensor(s) and/or accelerometer(s)/tri-axial accelerometer(s)coupled to processing units to compute motion(s), and/or inertial motionunit(s)/simply gyro(s)—(optical/magnetic/ultrasonic)/MEMSdevice(s)/mechanical gyro(s). The use of one or more of these sensor(s),or possibly multiple sensor(s) creates the safest condition tostop/mitigate fuel/transfer(s), by maintaining other systems in alock-out state, and activating audible/visual alarms. The fuel flowsystem may be re-activated by an operator, if proper operationalconditions have been met. Different vehicles may require differentparameters to initiate such motion and/or fuelling/transfer systemlock-outs. Such as, for example; a barge, that has a surge tank, withvariable tank elevation/elevator(s), which raises and lowers tank (forbridge clearance(s)/the benefit of head space vapor push with gravityassist), may require additional motion detection at the surge tanklevel; the surge tank level (elevation) is variable, and thus, whenfuelling/transferring has liquid level inside tank, (subject to internalsloshing), thus when tank is elevated, it will be subjected to amplifiedmotion(s) of pitch, roll, and yaw. Motion detector(s), are paramount forsafety, the vehicle/vessel/barge may become unstable with an elevatedsurge tank with compressed/liquefied gas with-in; and thus,predetermined stop limits, of motion (all axis's) beyond which, willsignal/relay/trigger fuelling/transfer shut-down and/or fuel/transferline system release, so that tank may be lowered/automatically loweredfor over-all system safety (lower center of gravity) until conditionsimprove/cease. Sensor(s), which detect tank elevation, such as magnetic,optical, and ultrasonic, can detect tank elevations, and mayadditionally detect when surge tank is in “Home”/ground “base” position,and further devices may detect if a locking (automatic) mechanism(optional), utilized to secure surge tank to deck, isactivated/de-activated. Also, optionally the surge tank elevator(s) mayoperate independently (separate from the pilot house) and beelevated/lowered; and in this case a distinct transmission lock-outshall be provided, such that the vehicle is rendered incapable of movingby it's own power while surge tank is elevated/raised off “Home”/base.Motion(s)/elevator(s) operation/detection device(s) shall communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC/RFoF and/or anycombination of wire, (coax/coax R.F.)/wirelessly, by radio/light, forthe network communications/signal(s) with processor(s) detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote system(s).

Fuelling/transfer(s) system lock-out(s), is any means or techniques toprevent/stop/mitigate a fuelling/transfer event. Severalsensor(s)/system(s) have the ability/input/output and capability to stopfuelling/transfer(s). Multiple system(s), to mitigatefuelling/transfer(s), is by Process Shut-down/Stop, button device(s);(optional color: yellow/red mushroom button) device, to close/(divert)the flow path with isolation valve(s)/stop pump(s)/compressor(s)/and/orin some systems designed to isolate vehicle(s) and to re-direct flow by(3-way; 4-way, or multi-port valve(s), to one of ordinary skill in theart will realize other input(s)/output(s) to create a safefueling/transfer lock-out, which will be indicated by audible and orvisual, both on the Human Interface and in transfer zone to alert all,of a fueling/transfer lock-out, which may, in certain situations, bere-established by an operator (re-set/re-start) after situation iscorrected. Visual alerts include, Human Interface screen (computermonitor(s) and/or touch screen(s) banners of flashing yellow, red,xenon; or intrinsically safe light/strobe of yellow, red, or xenon. Thefuelling/transfer system lock-out(s) sensor(s)/system(s) may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC/RFoF and/or anycombination of wire, (coax/coax R.F.)/RFoF/wirelessly, by radio/light,for the network communications/signal(s) with processor(s) detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote system(s).

The system(s)′ power supply shall be reliable and robust, safest will betwo (2) separate power sources/feeds, redundant feeds will decreasepower outage, and associated problems. Automatic transfer switching tobe provided, to enhance reliability. Individual transformers, anduninterrupted power supplies (UPS) with battery back-up will alsoenhance system operations. Seamless transfer of power is crucial forliquefied/compressed gas fuelling/transfer systems safety.

Land based fuelling/transfer system(s) shall include Seismic system(s)for safety shut-down(s) in the event of predetermined seismic/motionset-point(s) achieved. Such motion, as an earth-quake/tectonic shifting.A Seismic survey, conducted in advance of site selection will identifyzone(s) or areas which may be more prone to Seismic activity. The use ofmultiple accelerometer(s)/tri-axial accelerometer(s) coupled toprocessor(s)/inertial motion units, also other sensor(s) such asultrasonic and/or optical devices, standing alone or combined,strategically located will enhance detection of Seismic events. TheseSeismic sensor(s)/systems will actively communicate with the network(s)of processor(s) and shall communicate/activate events bywired/wirelessly/by radio/light/OWC/RFoF and/or any combination of wire(coax/coax R.F.)/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC. Also, any Tsunamiwarnings/alert(s)/indications shall result in an immediate shut-down offuelling/transfer event, including transfer line(s) release, systempurge, lowering of surge tank to “Home” base and secured; a completewrap-up and stow; readied for departure to safe harbor.

Voice activated commands/controls (VAC), along with voicerecognition/identification for intelligent system operations is with-inthe scope of this invention. Utilizing A.I., VAC, will enableoperations/systems to react rapidly when problems arise. Voicetranslators/speech/intelligent word recognition programs to flowchart/Deep learn/program responses to react by automated reasoning;efficiently, generally quicker than human reactions, to respond; Apracticed/learned VAC of “FIRE”; will automatically understand, andactivate the cascade of controls/systems to: stop fuelling/transfersflows/pump(s)/compressor(s)/close/Isolate all valves for flow(s)/releasefuelling/transfer lines from vehicle; release vehicle lock-out(s);Liberate vehicle for operator control (movement); simultaneouslystarting fire pump(s)/fire suppression system(s)/relay-dispatch-autodialer to fire department for assistance. Utilizing hearing/speechrecognition, by head sets, along with Hybrid/A.I. intelligent systems,can speed reaction time, thus possibly saving lives and/or preventingfurther problems/damages. VAC can also be utilized for humaninterface/manual override to assist with fuelling/transfer systemconnection; for example: “lower connection”, “extend connection”, “ClampConnection” when optical/magnetic/ultrasonic target recognition issatisfied. Many functions can be “Machine Learned/Deep-learning” byimage processing and/or data mining and/or object recognition, foroperator assist and or fire safety. A.I. systems will improve and savelives and assets.

Monitoring/remote monitoring of compressed gas/liquefied gastransfer(s)/fuelling events is useful for training/event review(s).Multiple monitor(s)/split screens (quad screens)/remote monitoringsystems enable others with commercial interest to monitor actions.Camera(s), video/still, may be strategically located to record bothvisual and audio events. Camera(s) with night vision (I.R.) may also beutilized, for added security. Camera(s) may communicate bywire/wirelessly by radio/light and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F.)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC. Camera system(s) will aidoperations, as viewing/monitoring of system(s) previously unseen willprovide “eye's” for human and/or asset protection.

Bio-metric identification, another form of Artificial Intelligence, maybe utilized to authenticate individuals operating/re-settingfuelling/transfer events. Unique Iris/facial/finger prints/recognitionscanners may be optical/ultrasonic/magnetic any and/or any combinationof. All personnel, will individually log onto computerized transfersystem(s) to perform operations/manipulations of system(s)/resets,identifying each action by individual/speech recognition via VAC. Thesesecurity features will ensure properly qualified operators arecontrolling fuelling/transfers, and that only authorized individualshave access to system(s).

The HOST-Supplier tank, which can also be one of multiple“HOST-Supplier” tanks, which may include liquid/vapor manifolds forseparate supply/receiving configurations, also the HOST TANK(S) canreceive it's supply from another type “C” pressurized source, or it canreceive compressed liquefied gas from an “atmospheric” tank(s). Thecompressed/liquefied gas source can be local, from a near-by plant, orit can receive via trucks/rail/barge/ship/tanker, also there may be anoptional “Load Cell”/Weight station at the location for transfermeasurements.

The advantages of this system is that it can be assembled in arelatively small footprint, and it greatly reduces vapor phasing, manytimes vapor phasing originates from pump(s)/it is the heat ofcompression/centrifugal/kinetic energy force that releases thecomposition, to change back to it's gaseous sate, and this results intoo much vapor-phasing, and thus is extremely difficult tomeasure/transfer. The vertical/horizontal surge tank, provides forgas/liquid separation, and pressurized/gravity feed provides liquidmeasurement/transfer/fuelling to receiver tank(s), which very beneficialto both parties.

Also included with-in the system is a liquid nitrogen tank, evaporator,and distribution system to provide both liquid and vaporized nitrogen to“Vapor Displacement” transfer system. The liquid LN2 is useful forsystem cool-down at start-up; as stated it drops system temperature, inadvance of refrigerated liquefied gas introduction, thus reducing vaporphasing of product. Vaporized nitrogen is utilized for posttransfer/fuelling event to inert the system.

Oxygen content detection system(s) with separate power sources, measures02 level in HOST tank, any supply tank(s)/any receiving tank(s) and/ortransfer system. The sensor(s) can be electro-chemicaldetector/paramagnetic with magnetic/optical detection sensor(s),system(s) shall enable/trigger/relay/signal on predetermined measure ofoxygen (enriched/deficient) with-in fuelling/transfers system ashut-down. The oxygen sensor(s)/system(s) may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F.)/RFoF//wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor(s)/processor/locally or remote system.

Parallel, (2), isolated/separate hydraulic system(s) withaccumulator(s), plus High/low pressure sensor(s), with separate powersource(s), failure shall trigger/relay/signal a fuelling/transfer systemlock-out, the pressure sensor(s)/system(s) may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

Any arc, lightening, spark, static electric, or arcing of any kind inthe transfer zone shall initiate a system Emergency STOP—SHUTDOWN. Thiscondition is not acceptable in the transfer zone. An optical systemcapable of arc detection; even low energy arcing, will trigger/relay asignal that arcing/lightening is present and trigger an E-Stop-Shutdownevent, and idle the transfer system until situation is either corrected,or weather improves.

Static electric arcing also a valid danger for compressed gas/liquefiedgas fuelling/transfer(s), proper grounding system(s), with indicationsand/or interlocks will afford additional layer safety, by indication ofnon-grounding. A ground monitoring system that is interlocked withshut-down system, to verify proper ground(s) are functioning, is with-inthis invention to ensure safety, system(s) may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

A vacuum system, which evacuates the transfer lines is also an option.This will evacuate the system of any residual liquid/gas/vapor, andtransfer the gas to the Gas Combustion Unit/Thermal Oxidizer for properdisposal. The now negative pressure system, which can also indicate anysystem leaks, by negative pressure infiltration, is ready for nitrogengas “Blanketing”; thus keeping an “oxygen free” system, ready for nextcool-down cycle, system(s) may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelesslyby radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

A vacuum monitoring system, consisting of compound gauges(vacuum/positive pressure), will be for type “C” tanks with sealedjacket/vacuum insulated metal jacket. This will provide signal forindication of a tank/jacket leak, this signal, relay, trigger an alarmfor further review by operations.

Gas leak detection systems are mandatory for compressed/liquefied gasfuelling/transfer(s). Multiple methods and techniques are available.Electrochemical/optical/catalytic bead/heated wire methods can acquiresample by passive or pumped methods. Such as point detection, which canuse local/remote cells (sample gas may be pumped to remotepanel/cabinet) or passively collected for gas detection. Another type isreferred to as “Open Path” method, a strategically placed optical pathpasses a light beam between transmitter and a receiver, the lightdifferential is calculated into a “Gas level %” base on which gas isbeing measured. This is good for measuring across a distance. The bestcoverage is to utilize one or more methods, standing alone and/orcombined to provide robust gas detection system coverage. The system(s)may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC/RFoFand/or any combination of wire, (coax/coax R.F.)/wirelessly, byradio/light, for the network communications/signal(s) with processor(s)detection system/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote system(s).

Isolation Valves:

Proper isolation valve design, lay-out, and installation is paramount toa safe fuelling/transfer system. There are many different styles,combinations, and applications for different types of Isolation valves.Many isolation valves are control valves, some are manual, some arecontrol valves with manual override, some are self-regulating. There aremany different control valve operators, such as air operated, springoperated, electric operated, temperature operated, hydraulic operated,and pressure operated, to name a few. These operators can be configuredin many different ways, such as; air to open, air to close, fail toopen, fail to closed, spring pressure to open, spring pressure to close,reversing contactors/relays to open/close; differenthydraulic/pressure(s), Hydraulic power to open/Hydraulic power toclose/multiple pressure regulators, (spring/weights) set points forself/pilot/internal D/P regulation//relief/lifting, to name a few.

There are also different valve port isolation and flow arrangements; formany different applications, such as 2-way, 3-way, and 4-way, reversingvalve(s) and multi-port valves. These are utilized in system specificlay-outs; such as a recycle system, looping, diverting, and by-passingapplications along with two, three, four, or multi-ports utilized forisolating/recirculating flow. A liquefied/compressed/gasfuelling/transfer system can benefit from certain valve design lay-outs.Such as utilization of a recycle/diverting/by-pass/multi-port/Isolationvalve(s) in the supplier/receiver/liquid/vapor line(s) outside the“interface/between” line(s). In one concept, avoiding line pressuresurge by diverting the gas/Liquefied gas to one of several optionalroutes, while isolation to supplier/receiver is obtained. Thediverted/by-passed/re-cycled/looped flow may be to a recycle line, asurge or knock-out drum, a gas combustion unit, or if there is anonboard evaporator, the flow may be diverted to evaporators' fuel feedline for vehicle consumption. PRV=Relief/Reducing/Regulating: multiplenames; different applications, same initials (P.R.V).

Pressure relief valves (PRV's) and/or Pressure regulating valves(PRV's), may also be categorized as ISOLATION Valve(s), Pressure Reliefvalves can be operated by pressure, temperature, or both. For example,millions of homes in North America have hot water heaters (electric orgas), but they all have a Temperature/pressure relief isolation valve,keeping the water in the tank, and only “relieving” when another systemmalfunction has occurred, such as high water pressure/high watertemperature/both; It is at this time that the “Relief Valve” activatesand isolation ceases, and water is “relieved” onto floor/drain to savethe water heater tank from possible rupture. The P.R.V. will passivelyprotect the water tank/house/business for long periods of time, onlyactivating when excess temperature/pressure/both exist. Another type ofP.R.V. is the pressure regulating valve, which is also an isolationvalve that has many different applications. It can be controlled bysystem pressure using a “Pilot Valve/line” or “Internal PressureDifferential”, or a P.L.C. program. These pressure regulating valvesalso act as isolation valves, as they are also one direction for flow.For example, if you have two (2) Isolating valves closed with acryogenic liquid locked between them; the system shall require some formof “Pressure Relief/Regulation” due to naturally occurring thermalexpansion between the (2) isolation valves. A Pressure Regulating Valve,with a pilot regulator/internal differential pressure (D.P.) regulatingisolation valve can sense a higher than normal internal pressure (inthis example the cryogenic material between (2) isolation valves),activate itself, thus breaking the isolation it normally provided andreduce the pressure created by naturally occurring thermal expansion,this Pressure regulating valve will continue to operate until pressurecreated by thermal expansion no longer exceeds its operating/activatingpressure set point/until system is back to normal operating conditionsand the cryogenic media stops pressure build-up/other/all media isremoved from the system, or simply a pressure relief valve for hydraulicliquid lock-in between valves. Relief/regulation shall be piped toknock-out drum for further safe processing.

Some valves can have the same initials, such as P.R.V.; perform similarisolation duties, but have different activating mechanisms(springs/weights versus differential pressure/pilot valve/line pressure)and different names (Pressure Relief Valve vs. Pressure Reducing Valvevs. Pressure regulating valve) plus various material/internalcomposition(s).

All of the fuelling/transfer(s) Systemvalves/2-way/3-way/4-way/multi-port valve, reversing, recycling valve(s)will have Independent Positive Position Feedback Positioners/P.P.F.B.The P.P.F.B., is an independent/separate signal to/from aPLC/DCS/processor(s)′ valve(s)′ output supplied signal, which relaysback the indicated valve position. The control system shall include aprogram to compare valve(s) output signal(s) to the P.P.F.B. signal(s)to verify a corresponding value. This redundant verification of thecorresponding signals, provides positive proof of valve position/portlocation/not thus, reduces manageable risk to a greater acceptablelevel, thus increasing operational fuelling/transfer(s) safety by ordersof magnitude, system(s) may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

As one can understand, there are many multiple Isolation valvecombinations for a fuelling/transfer/gas system of supplierside/receiver side. A line diagram/schematic will demonstrate severalarrangements, to show multiple connecting(s) of Isolation valve(s) plusorientations/designs, attached to this application; FIGS. 1-5; thediagram displays few of the vast valve configurations possible for vapordisplacement transfer system, with a pump (operated by level control ofsurge tank) to aid for high flow transfer(s).

The following is a multiple step by step; valve number to valve number,flow paths, using the basic flow schematic attached to make a generaldescription of the compressed/liquefied gas flows:

Supplier (HOST Tank “A”) Tank to Vehicle/Barge/Ship/Tanker (receiver)Tank (no pump):

System cool-down completed; compressor is started-discharge vapor flowfrom receiver tank thru #42-thru #44-thru #24-thru-#35-thru-#34 thru-#33thru-#22 thru-#27-thru-#28-thru #13-thru #1-into “HOST “A” Supplier”tank for pressurization; Liquid flow from “HOST “A” Supplier” tank flow#2-thru-#11-thru #15-thru #25-thru-#26-thru #21-thru #43-thru #41 liquidflow into Barge/Ship/Tanker “Receiver” Tank.

In case of a shut-down: compressor is stopped, Valves #41, 42, 33, 34,35 are Closed; #36, #23 are opened; and #24 diverts ports (isolation ofreceiving tank); #15, #25, #26, #2 will remain open for gravity liquiddrain back to Host “A” supplier tank; #21 is diverted, the flow toBarge/Ship/Tanker receiving tank is isolated, and the flow is divertedto HOST “A” supply tank thru #2; after level indicator for Surge tankindicates empty (no Liquid level) and CMF indicates zero flow the #2HOST “A” supply tank valve is closed/isolated.

There are two (2) compressor re-cycle paths with-in this system. Firstis the valve #36, upon over pressure or other upset valve #36 will openand gas path will begin looping, therefore no longer providingdifferential pressure to system. Another gas path re-cycle loop, can beidentified as passing thru #33 thru #22 thru #23 thru #24 thru #35 thru#34 and looping; thus no longer providing differential pressure tosystem, an operator will identify cause of looping, any may re-set whenproper conditions are achieved.

A pump(s), may be utilized to transfer liquid from HOST TANK “A” up toSurge tank; the pump(s) may be variable speed, and will be controlled bylevel indicator/controller from surge tank level, this may assist withHigher flow/fast filling applications.

Components such as “Vee-Ball” control valves, duel pressure xmtrs, andduel temperature xmtrs both up and down stream of CMF devices, toprovide exact back-pressure, to keep product from vapor-phasing. Amicro-controller, configured for bi-directional flow, will utilizeinputs such as temperature(s), pressure(s), density(s), to produce acomputed flow, and provide proper back pressure to limit vapor phasingof product.

The attached schematic(s) display only the concept(s), they not ablue-print(s), many different versions, with differentvalve(s)/option(s)/tank(s)/compressor(s)/(optional) pump(s), pipingarrangements/designs are with-in the scope of this invention. Manyre-arrangements of components, utilizing different number(s), or numberof valves/types, locations of compressor(s), Tanks, valves, all toachieve vapor headspace push of compressed/liquefied gasfuelling/transfer(s) is with-in the scope of this invention. Such as anoptional tank “Boot”; also some tanks have bottom connections (holdingtanks in drawing have NO bottom connections, for safety). May containmore than one HOST Tank (supply or receiving tank(s) A, B, C, D . . . ).The innovative process of Vapor head space displacement/pressurizationfor transfer(s) of liquefied gaseous products, such as; natural gas,propane, hydrogen, ethane, ammonia liquefied gases, is with-in the scopeof this invention.

In this invention, the fuelling/transfer system apparatus utilizes headspace vapor push method, for Type “C” Pressurized tank(s), which isbeneficial for fuel(s) that have vapor phasing qualities, this systemreduces vapor phasing and makes handling and fuel flow measurement lesschallenging. The HOST supplier tank, the receiver tank, and the surgetank between them, plus a plethora of control valves, including2-way/3-way/P.R.V.'s, and control valve(s) strategically placed willallow Bi-Directional Fuelling/Transfer(s), and measurements. Thefuelling/transfer flow(s) is generally from HOST supplier system/tank(s)to vehicle(s), although from time to time the vehicle tank requiresevacuation, or possibly a large quantity feeder to the supplier tank(s),such as bulk-break supplies to the supplier; therefore this systemversion, has capabilities to flow/supply/feed fromvehicle/barge/ship/truck/or plant to feed into HOST-“supplier” tank(s).Strategically placed valve(s) will allow Bi-Directional transfer(s)utilizing compressed gas (the gaseous state of which ever chemicalcomposition of fuel is being transferred), pressurizing (pushing) onfeeding Type “C” tank head-space, and compressor suction from receivingtank; the surge tank provides vertical/horizontal liquid/gas separationand elevation provides for gravity assist, for pressurizing/pushingduring fuelling/transfer event, and to drain surge tank. This version ofthe transfer system will be 100% contained, and safeties in place torelieve system in the event of an upset. Multiple, strategically locatedpressure relief valves, will provide pressure relief, when needed, andpass the higher liquid/vapor pressure to a knock-out drum/Gascombustion/Thermal Oxidizer unit for proper disposal.

If fuelling/transfer system is onboard a vehicle/vessel/barge/ship theHOST Tank can be optional, and the surge tank may be utilized as Hostsupply tank with filling from an atmospheric onboard tank, belowdeck/Type “C” (above/below deck). In this version, of the invention, thesurge tank combines with features of the supply tank; such as levelcontroller operating the (optional variable speed drive) pumpedliquefied gas supply from atmospheric/“C” tank below into the surgetank. Another innovative feature; is that the Type“C” tank can behydraulically/mechanically/electrically elevated onboard, and lockedinto an elevated position, during fuelling/transfer event. This featureis also advantageous for multiple geographies, transport(s) with lowerbridges, and lower elevation clearances, will require any on-boardapparatus to allow for clearance, automatic clearance monitoring ofbridge/river level fluctuations is crucial. Combining vapor-head spacepressure with gravity assist, will enhance fuelling/transfer(s), and bylowering tank back to deck level after fuelling/transfer event, andsecurely re-locking onto deck/below deck prior to vessel movement.Hydraulic/mechanical/electrical/any combination of the three;raising/elevating the tank(s), may be from deck level or below, and canbe automatically monitored by rotary encoder/optical/ultrasonic/magnetictechnology sensing. To an elevation necessary, to utilize vaporhead-space push, with-out vaporizing the liquid during thetransfer/fuelling event; surge tank outlet elevation shall varyaccording to receiver tank manifold elevation. The raising and loweringof the surge tank (empty during raising/lowering; exemption of anemergency) can be possible by rated flexible approved hosesstrategically attached by either draping on deck and/orun-coiled/rolled/distributed/re-rolled onto hose(s) multiple reels. Thisallows proper flow(s) of vapor(s) and/or liquefied gas(s) from variableelevation(s) of surge tank, and all liquefied/compressed gas(s) aresafely contained. The tank variable elevation system, will change thecenter of vessel/vehicle gravity. Elevated structure/tank motions willbe enhanced, and liquid(s) will slosh; this shall requirereview/approval of regulatory authorities. This elevated surge tanksystem may require a re-liquefier to accept fuelling/transfer(s) from apressurized source to an atmospheric tank, but atmospheric tank toatmospheric tank transfer/fuelling is possible. Also, optionally, if thePilot house is hydraulically/mechanically/electrically raised andlowered; the surge tank may be supported by/on the same,hydraulic/mechanical/electric or any combination of the three hoistingsystem(s). Keeping tank elevation just below peak of pilot houseclearance, and utilizing pilot house ultrasonic/radar/optical/lidarclearance/crash avoidance systems to maintain proper bridge clearancefor both pilot house and tank/fuelling/transfer system is with-in thescope of this invention, plus all communications system(s) maycommunicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or anycombination of wire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF//wirelessly by radio/light/OWC,for network communications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

Fire and/or explosion(s) of any type during fuelling/transfer(s) is alsoa danger signal that all fuelling/transfer(s) shall cease operation. Todetect hazardous fire conditions, the use of one or more sensor(s)standing alone or combined, in combination with one or moremicro-switches, can combine to automatically initiate thefuelling/transfer system lock-out, to prevent/stop fuelling/transferpumps, compressor(s), close (isolate) fuel flow valves, and activatefire alarms, fire pumps/suppression systems, and relay fire condition tofire department. Sensor(s) such as optical or magnetic can detectinfrared, ultraviolet, heat, rate of rise in temperature. Any fire/flamescanner or laser sensor(s), fusible/friable links standing alonesystem(s) may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote, or combined are allwith-in the scope of this invention. Such devices/system(s) can detectand activate fire alarms.

To prevent enhancement of further fire or explosion hazards, an optionalrelay or digital or analog logic function/micro-switch(s)/relay, that isactivated by a fire detection system or explosion detectionsystem/device(s) to provide/produce a signal/trigger/relay toenable/release fuelling/transfer line release system and/or vehiclelock-out release system; thus liberating the vehicle for operatorcontrol, to remove itself from fire source, or away to distance itselffrom further spreading fire or explosions, weather another vehicle ispresent or fueling/transfers are taking place from a fixed storagevessel/tank. Optical sensor(s) such as infrared/ultraviolet individuallyand/or combined can sense heat/fire, also sensor(s) such as rate of risein temperature and ionization can detect excessive temperature andsmoke. Fusible/friable links plus other sensor(s) such asacoustical/ultrasonic/infrasonic system(s)/receiver(s) can detect loudsudden noises/waves (sound/pressure) such as those created by a rapidexpansion of molecules in a confined environment, /or explosion(s). Anysensor activation will initiate the fuelling/transfer lock-out system,plus activate/de-activate the fuel/transfer line release system, plusactivate/deactivate the vehicle lock-out to liberate the vehicle foroperator control of the vehicle(s). All of thesensor(s)/processor(s)/system(s) may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

All motion and/or fire/heat sensor(s) are generally coupled to aprocessor. The processor executes stored instructions from memory, andmakes decisions using artificial intelligence techniques to determine acourse of action, as stated, the action might be just afuelling/transfer(s) shut-down or it might be a complete disconnect ofthe fuelling/transfer system from the vehicle, and vehicle lock-outrelease; liberating the vehicle for operator control. Thesensor(s)/and/or processor(s) may be part of the fueling/transfer supplysystem apparatus or they can be on the vehicle/vessel or both, system(s)may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or anycombination of wire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC,for network communications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

The use of optical sensor(s) such as infrared temperature or fiber opticsensor(s) to detect presence or absence of a liquefied cryogenictemperature/temperature differential, which can determine the presenceor absence in fuelling/transfer lines, and thus a relay or digital oranalog logic function/signal/combined to produce a vehicle lock-out.These can also be flow switches/flow meter(s) with transmitters whichcan communicate with system(s)/may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

The use of magnetic sensor(s); such as magnetometer(s), Coreolis flowmeters, (u-tube), density meter(s), linear variable differentialtransformers (LVDT), strain gauges, or mass flow (temperature/pressurecompensated flow) plus other methods of detecting flow are with-in thescope of this invention. The listed sensor(s) sense the presence of aliquefied gas/connection between a fuelling/transfer system and avehicle. These sensor(s), standing alone/combined produce asignal/relay, analog or digital, or logic function to produce a signalfor operation of safe vehicle fuelling/transfer. Magnetic sensor(s) candetect the presence of a liquefied gas hose in proximity to tank filladapter/valve/fitting. All of the sensor(s) may have transmitters thatcommunicate with system(s)/may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelesslyby radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

The use of ultrasonic sensor(s) such as flow meter(s), which can be anexternal type that clamps-on or monitors from exterior of flow line orit can measure flow internally (submersed) is also with-in the scope ofthis invention. Also, any other method that utilizes ultrasonic/radar/orother waves for detection are with-in the scope of this invention. Suchas guided wire radar (radar on a cable/rope), this method is for tanklevel measurements, it can also detect multiple liquid levels, for phasedifferential detection, very good for liquefied gas tank levelmeasurements. Ultrasonic sensor(s) sense the presence of a liquefied gashose in proximity to a tank fill adaptor/valve/fitting. Ultrasonicsensor(s) may sense/guide manual/automatic/semi-automaticfuelling/transfer system(s) to sense proximity; or that a particularmechanical part is/is not in a particular position; such as afuelling/transfer rack, tray, arm, hose, articulation, extension ofhose-line, coupler, locking coupler, rotating coupler, travel/slew(ing),or fuelling/transfer devices/connections. All of the sensor(s) may havexmtrs that communicate with system(s)/may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

The use of optical sensor(s), such as infrared, ultraviolet, laser,fiber optic, visible/non visible light to detect the presence of aliquefied gas fill hose in proximity to a tank filladapter/fitting/valve is with-in the scope of the present invention. Thesensor(s) can measure interference of a light beam, obstruction, lightdifferential, existence or non existence, proximity, and weather amechanical part is/is not in a particular position, such as afuelling/transfer rack, tray, arm, hose, articulation, extension ofhose-line, coupler, locking coupler, rotating coupler, travel/slew(ing),or fuelling/transfer devices/connections. All of the sensor(s) may havetransmitters that communicate with system(s)/may communicate signal(s)by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire(coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

The system contains many different flow paths/tank(s)/pipingarrangements, therefore any/all temperature/pressure/flow measurementdevices used to sense, and/or control the liquefied gasfuelling/transfer(s) by vapor displacement are with-in the scope of thisinvention. All of the sensor(s) may have transmitters that communicatewith system(s)/may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote.

Vehicle/Vessel mooring system(s) may also be incorporated, in whole orpart, for detection of motion/excessive motion. Sensor(s) such asoptical, magnetic, and ultrasonic standing alone and/or any combinationof sensor(s) may be utilized. Sensor(s) such as linear variabledifferential transformers (LVDT)/Strain gauges/rotaryencoder(s)/torsion/torque/gauging are all with-in the scope of thisinvention. These system(s) may also utilize A.I. system(s), such as A.I.vision/photodiode/arrays/phototransistor/arrays/High speedcamera(s)/fiber optic imagery/Hybrids/Fiber optic Sensor(s)/high speedimagery; sensor(s) may be utilized to detect movement/motion of mooringsystems beyond a predetermined set-point. These mooring system(s) mayalso be part of the vehicle release system (triggered byfire/explosion/highly excessive motion event (which is detected byomni-directional motion sensor(s); (optical/ultrasonic/magnetic motiondevices). System(s)/devices may utilize communication networks bymultiple methods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

Also, all the safety systems, operator's, sensor(s), relays,controller(s), micro-controller(s) triggers, micro-switches, over-rides,lock-outs, reset(s), video's, and events shall be continuously recorded,all logic/data will be Identified and have current date and time stampsrecorded. Data, events, video's, and all records will be available forviewing/print out, locally or remotely. Data can be transmitted bywire/wirelessly by radio/light and/or any combination of the three, andcan be transmitted via private/leased network(s) for cyber-security, orit may be transmitted TCP/IP, or intranet/extranet, or satellitenetwork/with back-routing capability.

The following is a list of system components:

-   The supplier HOST tank is a Type“C”, pressure vessel with    strategically located liquid transfer (optional dip tube(s)).-   The receiver tank is a Type “C”, pressure vessel with strategically    located liquid transfer (optional dip tube(s)).-   The Surge Tank is a Type“C”, pressure vessel with strategically    located liquid transfer (optional dip tube(s)).-   Compressor(s), for vapor head space pressure pumping; may use one or    more compressor(s) (optional VFD)-   Pump(s), for liquefied gas transfer from HOST supply tank(s) to    surge drum (optional VFD)-   Knock-out/Flare Drum (vessel), for system relief, to the Gas    Combustion Unit(s)/T.O./Flare-   Vacuum pump system (optional) to evacuate system; into Knock-out    drum Nitrogen Tank (LN2) for cool-down/purge system(s)/inerting-   De-Mister/Compressor Suction accumulator Tank.-   Gas Combustion Unit-   Flare-   Thermal Oxidizer-   Inerting System/Cool Down/Purge System by Liquid Nitrogen (LN2)-   Control System: DC S/Modules/Microcontroller(s)/remote terminal    unit(s)/processor(s)/memory-   Light/Optical/Fiber optic/radio/wired and/or any combination of the    three for communication system

Instrumentation:

-   -   HOST “A”    -   Supply Tank: (per Tank) pressure transmitters (xmtr)−compound        gauge; vacuum+pressure        -   (per tank) Isolation control valve(s) One for each liquid            line/vapor line        -   (per tank) Level xmtrs        -   (per tank) High/High-High Level Floats (optional)        -   (per tank) three or more temp. xmtrs (vertically spaced)        -   (per tank) three or more analyzer taps (optional)        -   (per tank) oxygen detector(s)        -   (per tank) insulation jacket vacuum monitoring (optional            type “c” with vacuum jacket)

-   Receiving Tank: (per tank) pressure xmtr(s)−compound gauge;    vacuum+pressure    -   (per tank) Isolation control valve(s) (one for each vapor and        one for each Liquid line)    -   (per tank) Level xmtrs    -   (per tank) High-High Level Floats (optional)    -   (per Tank) three or more temp xmtrs (vertically spaced)    -   (per tank) three or more analyzer taps (optional)    -   (per tank) oxygen detector(s)    -   (per tank) insulation jacket vacuum monitoring (optional type        “C” with vacuum jacket)

-   Surge Tank: (per tank) pressure xmtrs−compound gauge;    vacuum+pressure    -   (per tank) Isolation control valve(s) (one for each vapor and        one for each Liquid line)    -   (per tank) Level xmtrs    -   (per tank) High-High Level Floats (optional)    -   (per tank) three or more temp xmtrs (vertically spaced)    -   (per tank) oxygen detector(s)    -   (per tank) insulation jacket vacuum monitoring (optional Type“C”        with vacuum jacket)

-   De-Mister Tank: (per tank) pressure xmtrs−compound gauge;    vacuum+pressure    -   (per tank) isolation control valve(s) (one for vapor and one for        Liquid line)    -   (per tank) differential pressure xmtrs (optional switches)    -   (per tank) level float xmtrs (optional switches)(1-Hi        liquid/1-Hi-Hi Liquid level)    -   (per tank) one blow-down valve (automatic) plus one manual block        valve    -   (per tank) one manual blow down valve (2 in-line block valves)    -   (per tank) oxygen detector(s)

-   Knock-out Tank: (per tank) pressure xmtrs    -   (per tank) Isolation control valve(s) (one for vapor and one for        Liquid line)    -   (per tank) level xmtrs    -   (per tank) high-High level floats (optional)    -   (per tank) three or more temp xmtrs (vertically spaces)    -   (per tank) one blow-down valve (automatic) plus one manual block        valve    -   (per tank) one manual blow down valve (2 in-line block valves)    -   (per tank) oxygen detector(s)

-   Compressor: May be centrifugal, reciprocal, screw, rotary, or    positive displacement (optional) Variable Frequency Drive    -   (per Comp) Low pressure xmtr/Cut-outs (compressor inlet pressure        Low/Low-Low)    -   (per Comp) High Pressure xmtr/Cut-outs (compressor inlet        pressure Hi/Hi-Hi)    -   (per Comp) duel reversing valves (for compressor flow reversing)    -   (per Comp) Re-cycle valve

-   Optional Fuel

-   Liquid Pump: (optional) Variable Frequency Drive    -   (per pump) pressure xmtrs/L.P.C.O/H.P.C.O.    -   (per pump) d/p xmtrs/switches    -   (per pump) strainer/filter    -   (per pump) (optional) Flow meter

-   Optional Spray

-   Re-circ. Pump: Internally (tank(s)) Mounted and/or externally    mounted.

-   Flow Meter(s): Coreolis Bi-Directional flow meters    (Magnetic/optical/ultrasonic internal measurement)    -   (2) Vee-Ball Valve(s) per CFM (control valves) for        Bi-Directional back-pressure regulation.    -   (2) Pressure xmtrs/CFM (for Bi-directional mass flow pressure        detection/compensation)    -   (2 Temp. xmtrs/CFM (for Bi-directional mass flow temp        detection/compensation)    -   (Optional) Ultrasonic Bi-Directional Flow meters

-   Optional Flare/

-   Thermal Oxidizer

-   Flow Meter(s): (1) Coreolsis Bi-Directional flow meters    (Magnetic/optical/ultrasonic internal measurement)    -   (2) Vee-Ball Valve(s) (control valves) for Bi-Directional        back-pressure regulation.    -   (2) Pressure xmtrs (for Bi-directional mass flow pressure        detection/compensation)    -   (2) Temp. xmtrs (for Bi-directional mass flow temp        detection/compensation)    -   (1) Ultrasonic Bi-Directional Flow meters (can be        internal/externally mounted for flow det.)

-   GCU/Flare/T.O.    -   Oxidizer: Isolation valve(s) for Thermal Oxidizer/Flare/G, C, U.        Isolation pressure regulating valve (to reduce/regulate system        pressure inlet to T.O.)

-   Filter System: Differential pressure xmtr/switch    -   Press. xmtrs; compound gauge; pressure+vacuum    -   Isolation valve/switch flow for composite duel filter unit.

-   Internally

-   Recirculating    -   System: Pumps per tank (Supply tank(s) and Receiving Tank(s).        -   Spray Bar(s) one/more per Tank(s)/Pump(s) and/or Spray            Ball(s).        -   Raised Top Flanges Openings with cable/rod+packing gland for            changing/pump elevation.        -   Eyelets on Top Flange(s) for lifting.

-   Inerting/LN2    -   System: Liquid Nitrogen storage tank(s)        -   Level xmtrs (liquid nitrogen volume available)        -   Pressure xmtrs (LN2) pressure        -   Isolation valves (automatic/Manual)        -   Control Valve(s)/metering flow into system        -   Optional flow meter (ultrasonic/diff.-Pressure/coreolsis)            The following list of major Control valves by            system/components:

-   Supply Tank: Valve I.D. #1=HOST“A” Tank Vapor Isolation=2-way    control valve    -   Valve I.D. #2=HOST“A” Tank Liquid Isolation=2-Way Control valve    -   Valve I.D. #3=HOST“A” Tank Liquid 3-way valve (liquid to pump        suction/liquid to surge tank)    -   Valve I.D. #4=HOST“A” Tank Liquid 3-Way valve (liquid pump        supply to HOST“A” tank/surge tank)    -   Valve I.D. #5=HOST“A” Supply Tank Liquid 2-way valve (liquid        supply/recv to/from truck/rail)    -   Valve I.D. #6=HOST“A” Tank Liquid 2-way valve (liquid supplied        feed; plant/atmospheric tank)    -   Valve I.D. #6a/b=Vee-Balls for CMF from plant/atmospheric tank        (optional)    -   Valve I.D. #7=HOST“A” Tank Vapor 2-Way valve (vapor from HOST“A”        tank to re-liquefaction unit)    -   Valve I.D. #8=HOST“A” Tank Liquid—Common Liquid Header to        HOST“B”-“C”−“D” or more    -   Valve I.D. #9=HOST“A” Tank Liquid from valve #4 (pump discharge        to surge/recirculation to tank)

-   Surge Tank: Valve I.D. #11=Surge Tank Liquid 2-Way Isolation=2-Way    control valve    -   Valve I.D. #12=Surge Tank Vapor 2-Way Isolation=2-way control        valve    -   Valve I.D. #13=Surge Tank Vapor 2-Way Isolation=2-Way control        valve (Surge Tank By-Pass)    -   Valve I.D. #14=Surge Tank Vapor 2-Way Isolation=2-Way Control        valve    -   Valve I.D. #15=Surge Tank Liquid 2-Way Isolation=2 Way Control        Valve (Liq.To receiver/Host/rail)    -   Valve I.D #16=Surge Tank Vapor 2-Way Isolation=2Way control        valve (surge tank to reliq./GCU)

-   Transfer Line: Valve I.D. #21=Liquid Line 3-Way    Isolation/recirculation from surge to Ship/Host tank/Rail    -   Valve I.D #22=Vapor line 3-Way—Comp. disch./suction to/from        surge/host tank/    -   Valve I.D. #23=Vapor Line 2-Way Isolation from surge        tank/receiver tank/compressor-bypass    -   Valve I.D. #24=Vapor Line 3-Way—Comp. suct. Ship receiver        tank/comp. disch to surge tank    -   Valve I.D. #25=Vee-Ball Throttling 2-Way Control Valve (Upstream        Liquid line CFM)    -   Valve I.D. #26=Vee-Ball Throttling 2-Way Control Valve        (Downstream Liquid line CFM)    -   Valve I.D. #27=Vee-Ball Throttling 2-Way Control Valve (Upstream        Vapor Line CFM)    -   Valve I.D. #28=Vee-Ball Throttling 2-Way Control Valve        (downstream Vapor Line CFM)

-   Compressor: Valve I.D. #31=Compressor Reversing Valve    -   Valve I.D. #32=Compressor Reversing Valve Valve I.D.        #33=Compressor Discharge Isolation 2-Way Control Valve    -   Valve I.D. #34=Compressor/De-Mister suction Isolation=2-Way        control Valve    -   Valve I.D. #35=De-Mister Tank suction Isolation Valve=2-Way        Control Valve    -   Valve I.D. #36=Compressor Recycle Valve

-   Receiver    -   Tank: Valve I.D. #41=Receiver Tank Liquid Line Isolation=2-Way        control Valve    -   Valve I.D. #42=Receiver Tank Vapor Line Isolation=2-Way Control        Valve    -   Valve I.D. #43=Receiver Tank Liquid Line Break-Away/Emergency        release coupler    -   Valve I.D. #44=Receiver Tank Vapor Line Break-Away/Emergency        release coupler

The present invention includes, a motion detection system, for liquefiedgas fuelling/transfer system, consisting of accelerometer(s), tri-axialaccelerometer(s), inertial motion units, standing alone and/or anycombination of which all may be coupled to processor(s) to computermotion, or simply a mechanical device(s) of predetermined length, whichmay contain a series electric circuit, alone and/or combined with anymotion sensor(s) to determine if motion and/or excessive motion offuelling/transfer vehicle(s) has occurred. When activated, willproduce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay, utilizingcommunication networks by multiple methods, may communicate signal(s) bywire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a motion detection system, athree-dimensional motion detection system which contains optical,ultrasonic, magnetic sensor(s), mechanical device(s) forfuelling/transfer system seismic motion detection; seismicmotion(s)/detection(s) beyond predetermined set point(s). When activatedwill produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay,utilizing communication networks by multiple methods, may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes, a fire and or smoke detection system,utilizing magnetic and/or optical detection device(s), the device(s) mayfunction standing alone and/or in combination with each other. Whenactivated, will produce/communicate an operational shut-downsignal/relay.

The present invention includes, an optical fire and or heat detectionsystem, utilizing optical detection device(s), the device(s) containultraviolet and/or infrared detection function(s), the system combinesthe ultraviolet and/or infrared detector(s) to produce an output signal,of fire detection. When activated will produce/communicate anoperational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, an explosion monitoring system,utilizing magnetic and/or ultrasonic and/or infrasonic transmittersand/or receivers/microphone(s)/array(s) there-of; to detect loud,sudden, sound/acoustic wave(s) and or pressure wave(s). When activated,will produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, an optical Arc/Spark/Lighteningdetection system; utilizing optical detection device(s), when activatedwill produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, a fuelling/transfer communicationssignal detection program, where-by multiple communication methods areutilized for multiple fuelling/transfer data communications. Where-asthree communication signals are utilized and monitored, and if any onecommunication signal is dropped/non-functioning the system continuescommunications with two established links; but if two or morecommunication links/signals/transmission methods fail, a communicationfailure signal is produced, this output signal/relay will, whenactivated, communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.Communications must be re-established to re-set and continuefuelling/transfer operations.

The present invention includes, an optical satellite detection/alignmentsystem. This system will detect best functional satellitecommunication(s) system, automatically align on-boardreceiving/transmitting equipment for optimal performance; andcontinuously monitoring, and readjusting for optimal signal strength.

The present invention includes, a network, for communication/datacommunication(s), for all sensor(s), actuator(s), input(s), output(s),controller(s)/microcontroller(s), processor(s)/micro-processor(s),computers, systems(fire/heat/explosion/motion/lock-outs/seismic/communication(s))utilizing communication networks by multiple methods, may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) by an optical connection such as by lighttransmitted by/through fiber optic cable(s), to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio (wave(s)), to detectomni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coax RF)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio wave(s); either local(ly)wave(s) and/or remotely via long distance radio wave(s)/satellite(s), todetect omni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes any/all communication(s)/datacommunication(s)/network(s), between processor(s) and/or programmablelogic controller(s), computer(s), interface(s), network interface(s),distributed control system(s), control system(s), Mastersystem(s)/Master Data Base(s), web-server(s), for communications betweensupplier(s) and/or receiver(s) of any compressed and/or liquefied gasfuel handling system(s)/apparatus, a local area network transmittingdata between interface(s), by wire (d)/cable(s)/Fiber-opticcable/RFoF/wirelessly, such as by radio and/or light/OWC and/or anycombination of wire (d)/coax/coax R.F./RFoF/, to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s).

The present invention includes, a compressed/liquefied gasfuelling/transfer system which utilizes a vapor displacement system,where-by vapor from receiving (filling) tank is removed via pressurebuild-up, and displaced/transferred to pressurize supplying tank(s)utilizing, tank(s), pipe(s), valve(s), and hose(s).

A vapor displacement system, for liquefied gas fuelling/transfer;consisting of valves, tanks, pipes, hoses, couplers to utilize gaseouspressure build-up in a tank vapor head-space to push liquefied gasproducts utilizing gas/liquefied gas vapor pressure. (All in fluidcommunication via network of computers, controllers, programmable logiccontrollers, input and output devices.)

The present invention includes, a surge tank (which can be elevatedsurge tank, positioned at an elevation, greater than that of thereceiving tank); for vapor separation/vapor pressurization/vaporhead-space pushing of liquefied gas product out a lower (than liquidlevel) tank outlet/adapter.

The present invention includes, a plethora of control valves, which maybe 2-way/3-way/reversing valve(s), to open/close/divert flow/paths ofvapor/liquefied gases with-in/for vapor displacement system/liquefiedgas transfer system(s).

The present invention includes, a fuelling/transfer system, forliquefied/compressed gases, that utilizes vapor head space pressure andgravity/gas compression for liquid push, outlet at a lower than liquidlevel, outlet/adapter of the surge tank.

The present invention includes, a fuelling/transfer system, forliquefied/compressed gases, that utilizes vapor head space pressure andseparation device/gas pressure for liquid push, outlet at a lower thanliquid level, outlet/adapter of the surge tank.

The present invention includes, a Bi-directional coreolis flow metermeasurement system, to measure mass flow of compressed/liquefied gases,which consist(s) of vee-ball valve(s), temperature(s), pressure(s), anddensity compensated flow signal output(s).

The present invention includes, a Bi-directional sonic/ultrasonic flowmeter (internal/external) for compressed/liquefied gases, which consistsof temperature and pressure compensation for computed mass flow.

The present invention includes a motion detection system, athree-dimensional motion detection system which may contain optical,ultrasonic, magnetic sensor(s)/mechanical device(s)/sensor(s) forfuelling/transfer vehicle motion detection; motion(s) beyondpredetermined set point(s). When activated, will produce/communicate anoperational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, a motion detection system, for liquefiedgas fuelling/transfer system, consisting of accelerometer(s), tri-axialaccelerometer(s), inertial motion units, standing alone and/or anycombination of which all may be coupled to processor(s) to computermotion, or simply a mechanical device(s) of predetermined length, whichmay contain a series electric circuit, alone and/or combined with anymotion sensor(s) to determine if motion and/or excessive motion offuelling/transfer vehicle(s) has occurred. When activated, willproduce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay, wirelessly,by radio or light.

The present invention includes, utilizing communication networks bymultiple methods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes, network communications, which maycommunicate data by wire, wirelessly (by radio or light), which mayoperate locally by Local area network and/or remotely such as by a widearea network and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s)

The present invention includes a motion detection system, athree-dimensional motion detection system which contains optical,ultrasonic, magnetic sensor(s), mechanical device(s) forfuelling/transfer system seismic motion detection; seismicmotion(s)/detection(s) beyond predetermined set point(s). When activatedwill produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay,utilizing communication networks by multiple methods, may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes, a fire and or smoke detection system,utilizing magnetic and/or optical detection device(s), the device(s) mayfunction standing alone and/or in combination with each other. Whenactivated, will produce/communicate an operational shut-downsignal/relay.

The present invention includes, an optical fire and or heat detectionsystem, utilizing optical detection device(s), the device(s) containultraviolet and/or infrared detection function(s), the system combinesthe ultraviolet and/or infrared detector(s) to produce an output signal,of fire detection. When activated will produce/communicate anoperational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, an explosion monitoring system,utilizing magnetic and/or ultrasonic and/or infrasonic transmittersand/or receivers/microphone(s)/array(s) there-of; to detect loud,sudden, sound/acoustic wave(s) and or pressure wave(s). When activated,will produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, an optical Arc/Spark/Lighteningdetection system; utilizing optical detection device(s), when activatedwill produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The present invention includes, a fuelling/transfer communicationssignal detection program, where-by multiple communication methods areutilized for multiple fuelling/transfer data communications. Where-asthree communication signals are utilized and monitored, and if any onecommunication signal is dropped/non-functioning the system continuescommunications with two established links; but if two or morecommunication links/signals/transmission methods fail, a communicationfailure signal is produced, this output signal/relay will, whenactivated, communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.Communications must be re-established to re-set and continuefuelling/transfer operations.

The present invention includes, an optical satellite detection/alignmentsystem. This system will detect best functional satellitecommunication(s) signal, automatically align/transferreceiving/transmitting equipment for optimal performance; andcontinuously monitoring, and readjusting for optimal signal strength.

The present invention includes, a radio satellite detection/alignmentsystem. This system will detect best functional satellite communicationsignal, automatically transfer/align on-board receiving/transmittingequipment for optimal communication signal, and continuously monitoring,and readjusting for optimal signal strength.

The present invention includes, a radio satellite detection/alignmentsystem. This system will detect best functional satellite communicationsignal, automatically transfer/align on-board receiving/transmittingequipment for optimal communication signal, and continuously monitoring,and readjusting/switching antennae for optimal signal strength.

The present invention includes, an array of satellitedetection/alignment devices/antennae, this system will detect optimalfunctional satellite signal and automatically transfer/switch foroptimal optical/radio signal strength.

The present invention includes, a radio frequency signal detection/anarray of frequencies/signal(s), this system will detect optimalfunctional radio frequency and automatically transfer/switch for optimalradio signal strength.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling transfersystem, utilizing optical communications, including Fiber to theantennae/FTTA signal(s)/data/transmissions.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing cellular communications including allvoice/data/information communication systems.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing a local area network (LAN), standing alone and orcombined in communication with a wide area network (WAN).

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing a WAN, standing alone and/or combined with a LANnetwork.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquidified gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)/Graphics processing unitprocessing unit (GPUPU); for data/information/artificial intelligenceprocessing. This processor may be arrayed/stand alone and/or be combinedwith other processing units/PLC's/networked devices for systemoperations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing an Integrated Processing unit (IGPU); fordata/information/artificial intelligence processing. This processor maybe arrayed/stand alone and/or be combined with other processingunits/PLC's/networked devices for system operations

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing an External Processing unit (EPU); fordata/information/artificial intelligence processing. This processor maybe arrayed/stand alone and/or be combined with other processingunits/PLC's/networked devices for system operations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing Quantum Processing unit; fordata/information/artificial intelligence processing. This processor maybe arrayed/stand alone and/or be combined with other processingunits/PLC's/networked devices for system operations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learningprocesses/Hy-Brid intelligence/Deep Learning to achieve repetitiveoperation(s)/information recall/Voice recognition/Commands/ImageProcessing/Image retrieval/Object recognition/Data Mining/Motion-Seismicprocessing/responses/Fire detection/mechanical manipulation(s) and/ormotions (weather a part is-is not in proper position).

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing optical inputs/outputs for artificial intelligencenetwork operations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing magnetic I/O for A.I. network operations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing ultrasonic I/O for A.I. network operations.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing voice activated commands.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing voice/word recognition system(s)/program(s); forsystem “STOP”/“Emergency Stop”/“E-STOP”/Controlled Stop/SystemShut-down.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “FIRE”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “STOP”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “HALT”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “LEAK”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “PROBLEM”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “TROUBLE”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “Shut DOWN”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “SYSTEM OFF”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “HELP”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “CALL FIRE DEPARTMENT/911”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “EMERGENCY”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “ISOLATE”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “CLOSE VALVES”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition “RELEASE hoses/vehicle”.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition program, utilizing all listed wordsstanding alone and/or in any combination to alert system toSTOP/Shut-down.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing word recognition program(s) of all globallanguages/translations/interpretations of words for proper understandingand output action(s).

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing gesture recognition system(s)/program(s).

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing an oxygen detection system, the system may includeoptical, magnetic, ultrasonic, or chemical detection devices. Thissystem may monitor oxygen content with-in the tank(s) and/ortransfer/fuelling system(s) to alert of excess oxygen content presence.Different levels/readings will have multiple output/relays/actions forproper system control.

The present invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfersystem, utilizing a tank vacuum insulation monitoring system, thissystem will utilize compound pressure monitoring devices, and will alertat different vacuum pressure levels for manual and/or automatic systemoperation/control.

The present invention includes, a network, for communication/datacommunication(s), for all sensor(s), actuator(s), input(s), output(s),controller(s)/microcontroller(s), processor(s)/micro-processor(s),computers, systems(fire/heat/explosion/motion/lock-outs/seismic/communication(s))utilizing communication networks by multiple methods, may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) by an optical connection such as by lighttransmitted by/through fiber optic cable(s), to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio (wave(s)), to detectomni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes a network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio wave(s); either local(ly)wave(s) and/or remotely via long distance radio wave(s)/satellite(s), todetect omni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The present invention includes any/all communication(s)/datacommunication(s)/network(s), between processor(s) and/or programmablelogic controller(s), computer(s), interface(s), network interface(s),distributed control system(s), control system(s), Mastersystem(s)/Master Data Base(s), web-server(s), for communications betweensupplier(s) and/or receiver(s) of any compressed and/or liquefied gasfuel handling system(s)/apparatus, a local area network transmittingdata between interface(s), by wire (d)/cable(s)/Fiber-opticcable/RFoF/wirelessly, such as by radio and/or light/OWC and/or anycombination of wire (d)/coax/coax R.F./RFoF/, to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s).

The invention includes, a network, a quantum network, forcommunication/data communication(s), for all sensor(s), actuator(s),input(s), output(s), controller(s)/microcontroller(s), The inventionincludes, a fuelling/transfer communications signal detection program,where-by multiple communication methods are utilized for multiplefuelling/transfer data communications. Where-as three communicationsignals are utilized and monitored, and if any one communication signalis dropped/non-functioning the system continues communications with twoestablished links; but if two or more communicationlinks/signals/transmission methods fail, a communication failure signalis produced, this output signal/relay will, when activated, communicatean operational shut-down signal/relay. Communications must bere-established to re-set and continue fuelling/transfer operations.

The invention includes, an optical satellite detection/alignment system.This system will detect best functional satellite communication(s)system, automatically align on-board receiving/transmitting equipmentfor optimal performance; and continuously monitoring, and readjustingfor optimal signal strength.

processor(s)/micro-processor(s), computers, systems(fire/heat/explosion/motion/lock-outs/seismic/communication(s))utilizing communication networks by multiple methods, may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) by an optical connection such as by lighttransmitted by/through fiber optic cable(s), to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio (wave(s)), to detectomni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio wave(s); either local(ly)wave(s) and/or remotely via long distance radio wave(s)/satellite(s), todetect omni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes any/all communication(s)/datacommunication(s)/quantum network(s), between processor(s) and/orprogrammable logic controller(s), computer(s), interface(s), networkinterface(s), distributed control system(s), control system(s), Mastersystem(s)/Master Data Base(s), web-server(s), for communications betweensupplier(s) and/or receiver(s) of any compressed and/or liquefied gasfuel handling system(s)/apparatus, a local area network transmittingdata between interface(s), by wire (d)/cable(s)/Fiber-opticcable/RFoF/wirelessly, such as by radio and/or light/OWC and/or anycombination of wire (d)/coax/coax R.F./RFoF/, to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s).

The invention includes, a motion detection system, for liquefied gasfuelling/transfer system, consisting of accelerometer(s), tri-axialaccelerometer(s), inertial motion units, standing alone and/or anycombination of which all may be coupled to processor(s) to computermotion, or simply a mechanical device(s) of predetermined length, whichmay contain a series electric circuit, alone and/or combined with anymotion sensor(s) to determine if motion and/or excessive motion offuelling/transfer vehicle(s) has occurred. When activated, willproduce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay, wirelessly,by radio or light.

The invention includes, quantum communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes, quantum network communications, which maycommunicate data by wire, wirelessly (by radio or light), which mayoperate locally by Local area network and/or remotely such as by a widearea network and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s)

The invention includes a motion detection system, a three-dimensionalmotion detection system which contains optical, ultrasonic, magneticsensor(s), mechanical device(s) for fuelling/transfer system seismicmotion detection; seismic motion(s)/detection(s) beyond predeterminedset point(s). When activated will produce/communicate an operationalshut-down signal/relay, utilizing quantum communication networks bymultiple methods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes, a fire and or smoke detection system, utilizingmagnetic and/or optical detection device(s), the device(s) may functionstanding alone and/or in combination with each other. When activated,will produce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The invention includes, an optical fire and or heat detection system,utilizing optical detection device(s), the device(s) contain ultravioletand/or infrared detection function(s), the system combines theultraviolet and/or infrared detector(s) to produce an output signal, offire detection. When activated will produce/communicate an operationalshut-down signal/relay.

The invention includes, an explosion monitoring system, utilizingmagnetic and/or ultrasonic and/or infrasonic transmitters and/orreceivers/microphone(s)/array(s) there-of; to detect loud, sudden,sound/acoustic wave(s) and or pressure wave(s). When activated, willproduce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The invention includes, an optical Arc/Spark/Lightening detectionsystem; utilizing optical detection device(s), when activated willproduce/communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.

The invention includes, a fuelling/transfer quantum communicationssignal detection program, where-by multiple communication methods areutilized for multiple fuelling/transfer data communications. Where-asthree communication signals are utilized and monitored, and if any onecommunication signal is dropped/non-functioning the system continuescommunications with two established links; but if two or morecommunication links/signals/transmission methods fail, a communicationfailure signal is produced, this output signal/relay will, whenactivated, communicate an operational shut-down signal/relay.Communications must be re-established to re-set and continuefuelling/transfer operations.

The invention includes, an optical satellite detection/alignment system.This quantum computer system will detect best functional satellitecommunication(s) signal, automatically align/transferreceiving/transmitting equipment for optimal performance; andcontinuously monitoring, and readjusting for optimal signal strength.

The invention includes, a radio satellite detection/alignment system.This quantum computer system will detect best functional satellitecommunication signal, automatically transfer/align on-boardreceiving/transmitting equipment for optimal communication signal, andcontinuously monitoring, and readjusting for optimal signal strength.

The invention includes, a radio satellite detection/alignment system.This quantum computer system will detect best functional satellitecommunication signal, automatically transfer/align on-boardreceiving/transmitting equipment for optimal communication signal, andcontinuously monitoring, and readjusting/switching antennas for optimalsignal strength.

The invention includes, an array of satellite detection/alignmentdevices/antennae, this quantum computer system will detect optimalfunctional satellite signal and automatically transfer/switch foroptimal optical/radio signal strength.

The invention includes, a radio frequency signal detection/an array offrequencies/signal(s), this quantum computer system will detect optimalfunctional radio frequency and automatically transfer/switch for optimalradio signal strength.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling transfer system,utilizing quantum optical communications, including Fiber to theantennae/FTTA signal(s)/data/transmissions.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing cellular communications including all voice/data/informationcommunication systems.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing a quantum local area network (LAN), standing alone and orcombined in communication with a wide area network (WAN).

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing a quantum WAN, standing alone and/or combined with a LANnetwork.

The invention includes, a gas/liquedified gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)/Graphics processing unitprocessing unit (GPUPU); for data/information/artificial intelligenceprocessing. This processor may be arrayed/stand alone and/or be combinedwith other processing units/PLC's/networked devices for systemoperations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing an Intergrated Processing unit (IGPU); fordata/information/artificial intelligence processing.

This processor may be arrayed/stand alone and/or be combined with otherprocessing units/PLC's/networked devices for system operations

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing an External Processing unit (EPU); fordata/information/artificial intelligence processing. This processor maybe arrayed/stand alone and/or be combined with other processingunits/PLC's/networked devices for system operations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing Quantum Processing unit; for data/information/artificialintelligence processing. This processor may be arrayed/stand aloneand/or be combined with other processing units/PLC's/networked devicesfor system operations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer for Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learningprocesses/Hy-Brid intelligence/Deep Learning to achieve repetitiveoperation(s)/information recall/Voice recognition/Commands/ImageProcessing/Image retrieval/Object recognition/Data Mining/Motion-Seismicprocessing/responses/Fire detection/mechanical manipulation(s) and/ormotions (weather a part is-is not in proper position).

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum network optical inputs/outputs for artificialintelligence network operations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing magnetic I/O for A.I. quantum network operations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing ultrasonic I/O for A.I. quantum network operations.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer for voice activated commands.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer voice/word recognition system(s)/program(s);for system “STOP”/“Emergency Stop”/“E-STOP”/Controlled Stop/SystemShut-down.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “FIRE”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “STOP”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “HALT”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “LEAK”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “PROBLEM”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “TROUBLE”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “Shut DOWN”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “SYSTEM OFF”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “HELP”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “CALL FIRE DEPARTMENT/911”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “EMERGENCY”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “ISOLATE”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “CLOSE VALVES”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing word recognition “RELEASE hoses/vehicle”.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer word recognition program, utilizing alllisted words standing alone and/or in any combination to alert system toSTOP/Shut-down.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer word recognition program(s) of all globallanguages/translations/interpretations of words for proper understandingand output action(s).

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer gesture recognition system(s)/program(s).

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer for oxygen detection system, the system mayinclude optical, magnetic, ultrasonic, or chemical detection devices.This system may monitor oxygen content with-in the tank(s) and/ortransfer/fuelling system(s) to alert of excess oxygen content presence.Different levels/readings will have multiple output/relays/actions forproper system control.

The invention includes, a gas/liquefied gas fuelling/transfer system,utilizing quantum computer for a tank vacuum insulation monitoringsystem, this system will utilize compound pressure monitoring devices,and will alert at different vacuum pressure levels for manual and/orautomatic system operation/control.

The invention includes, a network, for communication/datacommunication(s), for all sensor(s), actuator(s), input(s), output(s),controller(s)/microcontroller(s), processor(s)/micro-processor(s),computers, systems(fire/heat/explosion/motion/lock-outs/seismic/communication(s))utilizing quantum communication networks by multiple methods, maycommunicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or anycombination of wire (coax/coax R.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC,for network communications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) by an optical connection such as by lighttransmitted by/through fiber optic cable(s), to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio (wave(s)), to detectomni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes a quantum network interface, which cancommunicate information and/or data between one or more computersystem(s) and/or processor(s) with/by a radio wave(s); either local(ly)wave(s) and/or remotely via long distance radio wave(s)/satellite(s), todetect omni-directional motion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/othersystem/device(s), for the safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gasvehicle fuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s), utilizing communication networks by multiplemethods, may communicate signal(s) by wire/wirelessly byradio/light/and/or any combination of wire (coax/coaxR.F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications/signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally and/or remote.

The invention includes quantum communication(s)/datacommunication(s)/network(s), between processor(s) and/or programmablelogic controller(s), computer(s), interface(s), network interface(s),distributed control system(s), control system(s), Mastersystem(s)/Master Data Base(s), web-server(s), for communications betweensupplier(s) and/or receiver(s) of any compressed and/or liquefied gasfuel handling system(s)/apparatus, a local area network transmittingdata between interface(s), by wire (d)/cable(s)/Fiber-opticcable/RFoF/wirelessly, such as by radio and/or light/OWC and/or anycombination of wire (d)/coax/coax R.F./RFoF/, to detect omni-directionalmotion/fire/explosion detection/device(s)/other system/device(s), forthe safe compressed gas and/or liquefied gas vehiclefuelling/transfer(s) vehicle(s) and/or supplier system(s)apparatus/system(s).

Onboard Internally Recirculating Chemical Looping Combustion System

In the global movement to clean and De-Carbonize vehicle emissions,evolving technologies are improving and merging to achieve zero and/ornear zero emissions. The systems and processes are more complex, butnecessary to meet requirements for cleaner vehicle emissions.

There are also multiple different systems and/or paths for fuelconsumption. The combustion engine has been vastly improved to increaseefficiency and reduce emissions, now achieving near zero emissions. Thevehicle emission reductions, when quantified, are substantial, and cleanfuels are a key component of the reductions. There are alsoturbines/micro-turbines, rotary engines, and various types of fuelcells. Fuel cell efficiency as well as internal combustion, may also beimproved with increased oxygen % percentage(s) of system intake.Oxygen/Natural Gas/Butane/Hydrogen/Propane/ethane/ammonia (NGHF′ETA/O)may be separated, and or produced onboard or it may be supplied as acompressed/liquefied gas; also, any onboard reformer/gas cleavingcleaving/separation process onboard is also with-in the scope of thisinvention; such as stripping H2 out from CH-4, by high temp./steamcracking/reformer on the vehicle, for use as fuel/fuel-compound/oxidizer

This system, Onboard Internally Recirculating Chemical LoopingCombustion System(s)(IRCLCS), has a different path and method for fuelconsumption. The IRCLCS has several distinct features which will changethe worlds' shipping and power industries for the better, and supplypower to onshore power grids and near shore facilities with clean,decarbonized energy.

The IRCLCS system, which will produce clean energy, from multiple, yet,interconnected sources, with highly efficient processes, which willyield greater power output, consuming less fuel, and with near zeroemissions. The use of steam methane reformer(s)(SMR), of which their maybe multiple, auxiliary units, for additional Hydrogen production duringlonger port calls. SMR's coupled with a water-gas shift reformer, willyield higher quantities of Hydrogen. Plus, use of palladium alloy withsilver in the pressure swing absorption system yields higher qualityhydrogen, and the by-products (tail gas) will be recycled back into thefuel reformer and consumed, thus yielding a greater CO2 quality andyield for capture, and liquefied for storage. The carbon dioxide mayalso be later sold to cement manufactures for use in new productionprocess. The Hydrogen produced will contribute to over all system fuelefficacy. Plus innovative waste heat recovery exchangers, coupled tosmaller generators will also increase over-all system efficiencies; allfor a low carbon energy solution.

The IRCLCS process makes use of oxygen carriers, such as metal oxides,which are circulated and/or recirculate, by pneumatic transfer andgravity. The metal oxides are oxidized in the oxidizer reformer, whichoxidizes and transfers via (Bed) Air Blower (AB) up to a cyclone vessel,and then dropped via gravity due to decrease of flow rate; of feet persecond (FPS), drop-off due to greater volume of cyclone. The angledcyclone, greater than the angle of repose, will ensure metal oxides fallinto the “KAT SEAL”, via gravity. A flue outlet at top of cyclone willcapture system heat and transfer to the optional pre and post superheater headers, the flue gas may be drawn downward via an induced draftfan with variable speed control, this inverted heat trap is designed forsystem heat capture, may also contain an optional aqueous ammoniainjection system for NOX reduction, along with an automatic selfcleaning, (bag) filtering system.

The Kat seal is also part of the process, it physically separates majorparts of the system, yet it connects them. The Kat seal utilizes a“trap” style configuration, with an auger and/or bucket lift system,where-by, the seal is created by a “Build-up” of the metal oxide bedmaterials, but the auger and/or bucket lift, plus gravity keepsprogressing bed material from the cyclone into the combustion reformer,thus continuously feeding the combustion reformer with re-oxidized metaloxide bed material for consumption. Therefore the Kat-Seal separates theOxidizer Reformer and/or the cyclone from the Combustion Reformer, butit also connects them.

The Fuel reformer, which has several feeds, and exit, is also a featureof this invention. The Fuel reformer and/or the combustion reformer,uniquely consumes the fuel via oxidization; not the direct fuel to aircombustion, as in a standard Internal Combustion Engine. It iscombustion via oxidization, not controlled detonation. It is alsoreferred to as closed loop combustion with oxygen un-coupling. This fuelconsumption also occurs upon and/or with-in a fluidized bed, via theCombustion Bed Blower, mixing the fuel(s) and the oxidizer together forthe chemical reaction; fuel(s) and oxidizer(s).

The combustion reformer may have several feeds; oxidized fluidized bedmedia, and/or metal oxide feed from the cyclone Kat seal. Fuel, whichmay be natural gas, propane, butane, ethane, hydrogen, syn-gas,Bio-methane, plus and gas mixture and/or combination, ammonia, plus manydifferent solid, liquid, or vapor fuels. Another feed is the“By-Products gas” feed, this is recycled tail gas from the Pressureswing absorbers, which separates out Hydrogen gas; which is an exitstream from the Steam methane reformer, which may reside with-in(combined) the fuel and or combustion reformer, or stand alone, andsaturated purified steam is then introduced into flow path, which,increase hydrogen yield. This Purified Hydrogen stream may then bestored as compressed and/or liquefied gas and/or fed to a fuel celland/or any engine onboard, or it may be “Spiked” into natural gas enginefeed system for addition clean energy efficiency.

The combustion reformer may also have an oxygen feed, this stream willsupply gaseous oxygen for improved fuel reaction and/or fuel consumptionand/or combustion. All of the fuel feeds to the combustion and/or fuelreformer will be controlled via N.C. control valves with positiveposition feed back, and fuel, oxygen, tail gas will be fed thru a doubleblock and bleed plus metering arrangement for safety.

The onboard fuel cell(s), which are fed with the separated hydrogen,which is cleaved and/or processed by onboard steam methane reformer(s),and PSA's, may also improve efficacy utilizing oxygen into it's intakefeed system. This oxygen may be produced onboard, such as by oxygenconcentrator and/or ozone generation, and/or supplied as a gas and/orliquefied gas LOX from onboard storage. Oxygen as an oxidizer can haveseveral different chemical make-up's, such as pure oxygen, liquefiedoxygen, O2, O3 (oxygen triplet), ozone, O4 tetraoxo and/or tetraozone,all are oxidizer(s) agents, all may be liquefied, all may be producedonboard and or supplied as gas and/or liquefied gas for these innovativeprocesses and system(s). The Oxyhydrogen will improve fuel cellperformance, and excess thermal may also generate improved performancevia Rankin cycle loop. The compressed/liquefied gas oxygen may besupplied in sea-container like exchangeable tanks/fix onboard vessels.

Another feature of the Fuel Reformer and/or combustion reformer is thatsince the combustion process oxidizes the fuel, rather than controlleddetonation of fuel, the emission(s) volume is reduced. The fuel reformeremissions contain mainly carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O),which are further separated, then CO2 is compressed and liquefied foronboard storage, such as a Type “C” sea-container for safe removaland/or swap-out during re-fueling. The exchangeable tank(s) and/or seacontainer(s) may be set upon load cells for measurement of CO2 quantity.The IRCLCS reduces the need for an air separation unit, saving Capexdollars, valuable space, plus OPEX costs.

The fuel reformer and/or combustion reformer bed material iscontinuously moving and/or transferred, via another “KAT SEAL”, this Katseal separates and/or connects the fuel and/or combustion reformer tothe air and/or oxidizer reformer. The systems' “Kat Seal(s)” keep thereformers separated, but connected, via continuously transferringoxidizing bed media material.

The Kat seals are also part of this process, they physically separatemajor parts of the system, yet they connect them. The Kat seal utilizesa “trap” style configuration, with an auger/screw and/or bucket system,which may be single or double axle drive, and may be electric,hydraulic, driven, with/with-out gear drive, plus variable speed andreverse for catalyst level control. The seal is created by a “Build-up”of the metal oxide bed materials, but the auger screw and/or bucketlift, plus gravity keeps progressing bed material from the combustionand/or fuel reformer into the air and/or oxidizer reformer, thuscontinuously feeding the air and/or oxidizer reformer with spent metaloxide bed material for RE-oxidization process. Therefore the Kat-Sealseparates the Combustion and/or fuel Reformer from the air and/oroxidizer Reformer, but it also connects them.

This continuous LOOPING of the oxidizing reagent give way to it's name:“Onboard Internally Recirculating Chemical Looping Combustion System”.The Kat Seal system may have optional air nozzles, to aid with stubborntransfer.

The system has several critical design and control system features forproper continuous operation. The size, pressure, and shape of theoxidizer, and Bed blower volume and pressure must be such that the feetper second flow is proper for metal oxide carry over (pneumatic flow)and cyclone sizing for material drop out. The cyclone to fuel reformerloop seal; size, shape design, pressure, and bed blower volume be suchthat proper fluidized material transfer is maintained with proper aseal. The fuel and/or combustion reformer design, which may (or may not)contain steam methane reformer with-in, is properly sized, located(above oxidizer reformer bed, for gravity feed via loop seal), withproper fuel bed blower volume, pressure, flow distribution, with bottomfuel, tail gas, and oxygen feed systems, via Normally Closed controlvalves. Plus a fuel/combustion reformer to oxidizer reformer “Kat SEAL”,which will act as a seal, but also transfers continuously feeding ofmetal oxide for regeneration, via loop seal bubbling bed blower andgravity.

The system will generate thermal energy, which may be converted to Highpressure steam, and cycled thru a steam turbine for generation ofelectric power and/or shaft output power, and/or to auxiliary steammethane reformer(s), for additional Hydrogen production (such as whileship is at idle in port).

This invention also includes battery electric storage units. Theseoptional battery storage units may utilize sea container(s) and/or sizedlike sea containers for ease of handling, but the system may storeexcess electrical energy, such as during a port call, when vehicle is atrest, and use later when demand is needed. The continuously operatedchemical looping system is designed for continuous operation, thereforesizing of system(s) and/or Hybrid battery system should be considered,as functionally operational system requires. (ie, short hauls vs. longjourneys). The best option is to have sufficient battery power tooperate entire IRCLCS for operations to trouble-shoot powerinterruption, therefore keeping internally recirculating chemicallooping combustion system continuously functioning, avoiding shut downsand re-starts, which are rather lengthy endeavors, by properly sizedbattery electric back-up system will enable continuously operations ofthe IRCLCS system, very advantageous.

The reformers may have water jacket(s)/walls and optional wing walls forsteam generation. The system may also utilize optional pre-super heaterand post super heaters with attemporation system to condition steam forsteam turbine (lowering steam output temp. while maintaining steampressure), via a distilled water condenser, steam from header condensedout with feed water from boiler feed water system (pump & conditioning),thus elevating boiler feedwater temperature. The feed-water riser may beinside down-comer for additional economizer energy recovery.

Other, additional benefits of this system, can be the utilization ofscavenger heat. This system has multiple outlets for heat recovery.First, between steam turbine and condenser, a heat recovery exchangercan capture more thermal energy for utilization. Second, in the flue gasdowncomer, a heat exchanger can capture thermal energy. Third, in theSMR output line to the PSA, a heat exchanger may recover thermal energy.Fourth, in the CO2/H2O exhaust line, an exchanger may capture thermalenergy. And fifth, the heat generated by the fuel cell(s) can berecovered, and utilized in a Rankine Cycle. All five points of thermalcapture may utilize a local Rankine Cycle Turbo-expander system withelectrical generation benefit; the optional Rankine cycle system(s) willadd up to enhanced system efficiencies and/or fuel economy, all whileproducing no emissions profile, efficient use of waste heat for extrapower production.

This unique IRCLCS, is scalable, which means is can be sized for shippower, locomotive power, ship to ship power (such as power for anothervehicle (ship) during port stay), or mechanized barge vehicle, toprovide self power but also for merchant power to remote islands,villages, or even feeding a decommissioned power plant via existingtransmission and distribution grid infrastructure. As stated,“continuously” this system is designed for continuous operation,stopping and starting is not recommended, therefore long termoperational design is optimum. Plus Ports and Harbors will appreciatesurrogate ultra clean power supply with near zero and/or zero emissionsduring port calls.

This invention also includes multiple onboard power system matchings,such as an IRCLCS along with one or more internal combustion engine(s),possibly utilizing the same fuel, but completely isolated by fire proofand/or explosion proof safeing walls. The match engine(s) will mainlyact as stand-by, which also may be coupled to it's own separateelectrical generator and/or direct drive and/or both. This redundantsafety feature of an addition power system(s) ensures reliability incase one system may have a failure.

The IRCLCS system may have a “Bag-Style” cleaning system, which capturesparticulate matter with-in the exhaust stream. This system will containalternating “Bag-House” units, so that one is always “On-Line” while theother is in clean mode. The program will automatically alternate, but aHigh Differential Pressure system may override and increase cleaningcycle if differential pressure system indicates dirty filter exist. Thesystem will remove particulate matter from exhaust stream and properlydispose of, for further dumpster handling. This exhaust cleaning processwill ensure no noticeable PM escapes via the exhaust outlet.

System(s), component(s), control(s), for IRCLCS system functionality.

Oxidizer Reformer, Cyclone, Fuel and/or Combustion reformer, cyclone tofuel reformer Kat seal, fuel reformer to oxidizer reformer Kat seal, Airbed blower for oxidizer, air bed blower for fuel reformer, bed airblowers for two loop seals, Induced draft fan, bag house, hydraulicpressure unit, lube oil unit, Battery electric storage unit, SteamMethane reformer(s), saturated pure water steam injection system, waterpurification system (carbon filtering, de-mineralizing, de-ionizing,reverse osmosis system, ultra-violet light filtering, for zero.zeromicrosiemen water) water walls, wing walls, steam drum, distilled watercondenser, boiler feed water pump & controls, differential pressure(D/P) and/or IRCLCS flow and or temperature measurement and/ortransmitter (xmtr) across oxidized bed, across oxidizer, across oxidizerto cyclone, from cyclone to flue gas downcomer, across cyclone, acrossKat seal from cyclone to fuel reformer, across fuel reformer, acrossfuel reformer bed, across smr, across fuel reformer to gas outlet toPSA, across PSA, across Kat seal from fuel reformer to oxidizer,Optical, magnetic, ultrasonic measurements of air, gas(s), fuel(s),oxygen, steam, boiler feed water, flue gas, emission(s), tail gas(s),for temperature, pressure, level, flow, opacity, spectrometeranalyzer(s), atmospheric monitoring including L.E.L./U.E.L./emissionlevels/oxygen level(s), oxygen detection with-in fuel reformer system.The system contains many different flow paths/tank(s)/piping/valvearrangements, therefore a plethora of temperature/pressure/level/flowmeasurement devices used to sense, and/or control the liquefied gasfuelling/transfer(s) and/or vapor displacement and/or transfer(s) arewith-in the scope of this invention. Plethora of the sensor(s) and/oroutputs may have xmtrs that communicate with system(s)/may communicatesignal(s) by wire/wirelessly by radio/light/and/or any combination ofwire (coax/coax R F)/RFoF/wirelessly by radio/light/OWC, for networkcommunications and/or signal(s) with central detectionsystem/microcontroller/processor/locally or remote, also fuel level,storage systems, delivery systems. Following list of control valvesshall contain positive position feed back signal for Fuel, Oxygen, Tailgas, Air, ammonia, Flue gas, exhaust gas, CO2, H2, gas/liquid/storage,bed ash outlet rotary valve, reformer inlet valves, inlet guide vanes,damper(s), bed ash outlet conveyor, catalyst and/or oxidizer feedconveyor which may be pressurized, optional lime feed conveyor, Steamsystem, Boiler feed water system, Sweetwater condenser, attemperatorsystem, Pressure Swing Absorbers, Oxygen concentrator(s), CO2/H2/Oxygendrier(s), compressor(s), pump(s), blower(s), conveyor(s), refrigerationsystem(s) for liquefaction (H2/LOX/CO2); valving, flow metering and/ormeasuring and/or block and bleed valving system(s), Kat Seal isolationsystem, Vibration monitoring for rotating machinery, magnetic levitationbearings, bearing temperature sensor(s), Variable speed controllers forall blowers and or fans, steam turbine, condenser, Auxiliary Steammethane reformer(s), rankine cycle systems and/or heat recovery units,Programmable logic controllers (PLC), Distributed control system(s))DCS), bag filter unit(s), bed material feeder system(s), generatorsystem(s), synchronizer(s), over-speed trip, multi-phase, single phase,three phase, nine pole, twenty seven pole, alternating current (A.C.),Direct Current (D.C.), Inverter(s), Power Inverter(s), switchgear,diode(s), power feed monitoring system(s), Tie Breaker(s), MVARs,Ampere(s), voltage, frequency, hertz, temperature(s), power supplies,battery storage and/or back up system(s), U.P.S. system(s), powerconditioning systems, transformer(s), buss duct, cable(s), conductor(s),motor overloads (MOL), motor control center(s)(MCC), fuse(s), breakers,circuit breakers, relays, transfer switches, automatic transferswitches, switches, coils, rectifiers, variable speed drives (VFD),contactors, auxiliary contactors, indicators, disconnects, start/stopbuttons, emergency stop device(s), starter(s), power distributioncenters, computer(s), processor(s), processor(s) with memory, peripheraldevices such as printer(s), monitors, keyboards, mouse, opticalreader(s), memory cards, Graphics processing unit (GPU), GPUPU, videomonitoring system(s), Infrared video monitoring, camera(s), high speedcamera(s), digital camera(s), remote monitoring and/or wirelesscommunication systems by radio and/or light, antennae, self adjustingantennae(s), an array of antennae(s).

Review of Depictions; FIG. 9

On FIG. 9, Item #1, is the Draft Bag Cleaning System, it shall removeany particulate matter which may escape from the system, and filter itout. This system shall consist of two sides, and/or flow diversion path,so that one side is actively cleaning while the other is automaticallycleaning itself, by back blowing bag filters. This method may work ontimed cycle, or by pressure switch, when predetermined pressure build upoccurs, the switch from filtering to cleaning happens automatically.

On FIG. 9, Item #2, is the induced draft blower, this blower will becontrolled by variable speed drive, to control blower speed and volume,so as to balance draft along with drop-out cyclone pressure, so not tocreate negative pressure in flow zone.

On FIG. 9, Item #3, is a Rankine Cycle waste heat recovery system. Itwill capture waste heat via heat exchanger, and transfer that heat touseful energy via a turbo-expander coupled to an electrical generator.The system is self enclosed, and the internal gas and/or fluid is loopedinternally, constantly re-circulating, attracting waste and expellingthru turbo-expander. Increasing overall efficiency.

On FIG. 9, Item #4, is the Oxidizer reformer, the catalyst is returnedfrom fuel reformer #15 via the KAT Seal system, it is introduced inproper volumes (via speed and bucket and/or auger size) into the nearbottom of the oxidizer reformer #4. Catalyst is met with updraft airfrom blower below, distributed air via an air distribution grid for evenflow, catalyst is suspended and lifted by air, while regeneration isoccurring, and catalyst is pneumatically transferred to the drop-outcyclone vessel, where the rate of air flow (feet per second; FPS) isdramatically reduced due to drop-out cyclone #7 vessel volume, andcatalyst is “Dropped” by gravity into the vessel.

On FIG. 9, Item #5, is the Bed Blower for the oxidizer reformer #4, thisair blower shall be for re-oxidization of catalyst in the chemicallooping combustion system. The oxidizer blower may have a variable speeddrive for optimum FPS control, so as to not over nor under speed airflow thur oxidizer reformer.

On FIG. 9, Item #6, is the KAT SEAL System. There are two (2) Kat Sealsystems on this chemical looping combustion system. Similar, butdifferent seal and/or isolation is created. One seal is between thedrop-out cyclone #7 and the fuel reformer #15. Another seal is betweenthe fuel reformer #15 and the oxidizer reformer #4. The KAT SEAL systemsmay use single axle drive as per drawing on displayed FIG. 21 or on FIG.22, both single shaft designs will lift measured quantities of catalystfrom lower section, and deposit and/or drop off into oxidizer chute viagravity. The KAT SEAL system may also use duel (2) axle system as perdrawing displayed on FIG. 23 or on FIG. 24; both duel axle and/or twoshaft designs will lift measured quantities of catalyst from lowersection, and deposit and/or drop off into oxidizer chute via gravity.All four; FIG. 21, 22, 23, 24 may be powered by electric motor(s),hydraulic motor(s), pneumatic drive(s), all may use gear reduction ordirect drive, chain drive, all may use variable speed drives foroperational speed control, all may be positioned from horizontal axis upto vertical axis, thus every angle in a 180* range is available tosystem, for gravity assist. Bucket and auger and/or screw size may vary,since system has scalable out-put, the sizes will be adjustedaccordingly. The KAT SEAL System may have optional air jets, these airjets will assist if catalyst is stubborn or may have moisture contained,causing blockage, jets will assist breaking blockage to resume normalcatalyst transfer.

On FIG. 9, Item #7, this is the Drop-Off Cyclone, air flow FPS isreduced as air from oxidizer reformer #4 is transitioned into Drop-offcyclone #7, this acts as a pneumatic transfer, and the catalyst is nolonger air-born, and drops via gravity into the #6 KAT SEAL System,re-dux catalyst will then be used at first as a seal, then the KAT SEALsystems will transfer catalyst into the #15 fuel reformer.

On FIG. 9, Item #8, this is the steam drum, this chemical loopingcombustion system will generate heat, and the water walls and optionalwing walls in the two (2) reformers will transfer heat and/or steam intothe upper steam drum. The entire chemical looping combustion system isscalable, therefore the steam drum size will vary accordingly.

On FIG. 9, Item #9, this is the distillation exchanger. This usesincoming boiler feed water, to cool steam from the steam drum, creatingdistilled pure water. This distilled water will be used to cool the exitsteam, a form of attemperation, lowering the temperature whilemaintaining steam pressure; utilizing an inline sparger, with-in theexit steam line, prior to entering the steam turbine #12.

On FIG. 9, Item #10, these are optional pre and post superheaters. Ifsteam from drum is saturated and requires further heating, a pre and/orpost superheater option is available.

On FIG. 9, Item #11, is an electrical generator, this generator ispowered by the shaft out-put power of the steam turbine. The chemicallooping combustion system is scalable in size, therefore out-put shafthorse power and/or generator will also require proper sizing.

On FIG. 9, Item #12, is the steam turbine, this turbine is powered bypounds per hour of steam produced by the chemical looping combustionsystem. System Size is scalable, therefore steam turbine is scalable.

On FIG. 9, Item #13, is a Rankine Cycle waste heat recovery system. Itwill capture waste heat via heat exchanger, and transfer that heat touseful energy via a turbo-expander coupled to an electrical generator.The system is self enclosed, and the internal gas and/or fluid is loopedinternally, constantly re-circulating, attracting waste and expellingthru turbo-expander. Increasing overall system efficiency.

On FIG. 9, Item #14, is a steam methane reformer (SMR), with-in the fuelreformer. The SMR has a natural gas feed, and with-in the processnatural gas is cracked and/or reformed in various gas's, such asHydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, carbon Monoxide, propane, butane, ethane,hydrogen sulfide. These hot gases will exit, and waste heat recovered by#25 Rankine Cycle heat exchanger, and gas's will be further processedand/or separated.

On FIG. 9, Item #15, is the fuel reformer, the feeds into this reformerare as follows: Natural Gas, Oxygen, PSA #22 by-products, air, catalystfrom #7 drop-out cyclone. The chemical combustion reaction occurs fewfeet up from the bottom, where gas's and catalyst meet. The exit gas ismainly carbon dioxide and water vapor, which leaves via suction fromCarbon Capture System #17. The other exit path is to KAT SEAL system #6,seal from fuel reformer #15 to oxidizer #4.

On FIG. 9, Item #16, is a Rankine Cycle waste heat recovery system. Itwill capture waste heat via heat exchanger, and transfer that heat touseful energy via a turbo-expander coupled to an electrical generator.The system is self enclosed, and the internal gas and/or fluid is loopedinternally, constantly re-circulating, attracting waste and expellingthru turbo-expander. Increasing overall system efficiency.

On FIG. 9, Item #17, is the Carbon Dioxide capture and separate system.This system will separate the carbon dioxide and water via a knock outdrum with an internal demister pad, then pass thru an alternatingdesiccant drier system to dehydrate CO2, then it will refrigerate andconvert to liquid carbon dioxide and place into #18 exchangeable storagetanks with self contained refrigeration units to maintain liquid CO2,with out venting. Power must be available near-by to power refrigerationsystem. This pure CO2 has some secondary markets.

On FIG. 9, Item #19, this is a Liquid Hydrogen Storage tank with selfcontained refrigeration unit to re-liquify vapor pressure build-up, backto Liquid Hydrogen. Power must be available near-by to powerrefrigeration system. This is pure dehydrated Hydrogen, this product hasmarket demand.

On FIG. 9, Item #20, this is a Hydrogen liquefaction unit, the Hydrogengas from Storage Tank #21, is refrigerated and Hydrogen gas is liquefiedand transferred into exchangeable tank #19.

On FIG. 9, item #21, this is Pure Hydrogen Gas from Chemical LoopingCombustion process system, this gas will be used as fuel for the fuelcell #27 or it will be liquefied by #20 and sent to exchangeable storagetank #19 for resale.

On FIG. 9, Item #22, this is the Pressure Swing Absorbers, one is inservice, while other is exhausting by-products into #15 fuel reformer.While one is in service, the Gas mixture is sent up the absorber, andthe palladium catalyst, which separates out Hydrogen gas up to top, andby-products are separated out to fuel reformer.

On FIG. 9, Item #23, is the saturated pure water steam injection. Thisprocess, using ultra-pure water, increases Hydrogen production.

On FIG. 9, Item #24, this is the water purification system. Water isfiltered by carbon filter, then de-mineralized, then de-ionized, thenreverse osmosis process, and treated with Ultraviolet light to produceultra pure 0.0 micro-siemens water. This is expensive water, it takes 4gallons of water to make 1 gallon of purified water. This purified wateris for Hydrogen production via saturated steam.

On FIG. 9, Item #25, is a Rankine Cycle waste heat recovery system. Itwill capture waste heat via heat exchanger, and transfer that heat touseful energy via a turbo-expander coupled to an electrical generator.The system is self enclosed, and the internal gas and/or fluid is loopedinternally, constantly re-circulating, attracting waste and expellingthru turbo-expander. Increasing overall system efficiency.

On FIG. 9, Item #26, is a Rankine Cycle waste heat recovery system. Itwill capture waste heat via heat exchanger, and transfer that heat touseful energy via a turbo-expander coupled to an electrical generator.The system is self enclosed, and the internal gas and/or fluid is loopedinternally, constantly re-circulating, attracting waste and expellingthru turbo-expander. Increasing overall system efficiency.

On FIG. 9, Item #27, is a Fuel Cell, there are multiple different fuelcell(s) with different internals, this application includes multiplefuel cells that use Hydrogen Gas and oxygen feed to increase efficiency.This fuel cell shall also have an air feed, via compressed air, andoxygen may be mixed with air, or separate oxygen inlet, plus an oxygenconcentrator may also be used to increase oxygen percentage in the airinlet system. This oxygen concentrator may also be use for fuel reformerinlet also.

On FIG. 9, Item #28, is a liquid oxygen storage tank. This exchangeablestorage tank may be used to feed oxygen (vapor via vaporizer #29) to thefuel reformer #15 and the fuel cell #27. Load cells may be used tomeasure exchangeable tank(s) weight; for each exchangeable tank with-inthis system.

On FIG. 9, Item #29, this is the Liquid oxygen vaporizer, this providesambient heat to liquid oxygen from storage tank #28, and converts it tooxygen vapor.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic of the Onboard Internally RecirculatingChemical Looping Combustion System (IRCLCS). FIG. 10 shows a bucketwheel in IRCLCS. FIG. 11 shows a screw lift in IRCLCS. FIG. 12 shows adouble screw lift in IRCLCS. FIG. 13 shows a belt lift in IRCLCS. FIG.14 is a block diagram of a safety shutdown system.

Two (2) Hopper feeders, both with bottom outlet to screw conveyor(s),located at an elevation of at least half distance up on rear (left) sideof Oxidizer reformer #4, for gravity assist. The screw and/or augerconveyors will feed into oxidizer reformer #4 thru pneumaticallyoperated slide gate valve(s) with air seal.

One (1) hopper feeder will supply fresh catalyst into #4 oxidizerreformer, at an elevation close to KAT SEAL #6 entrance elevation. One(1) hopper feeder will supply fresh lime, for Sulphur management, into#4 oxidizer reformer, at an elevation close to KAT SEAL #6 entranceelevation

On the underside of fuel reformer #15; a pneumatically operated slidegate valve with air seal, which has another rotary valve inline belowthe slide gate, which will meter out spent catalyst and/or ash fromsystem. The rotary valve may be electric, hydraulic, or pneumaticoperated.

The chemical looping combustion system catalyst is prone to Sulphurpoisoning, therefore Liquified Natural gas is the preferred fuel. Ifpipeline Natural gas is to be used; it must be pretreated to removeSulphur, Mercury, and Hydrogen Sulfide, as these are toxic to thecatalyst with-in the system.

FIG. 10 shows a bucket wheel in IRCLCS. FIG. 11 shows a screw lift inIRCLCS.

FIG. 12 shows a double screw lift in IRCLCS. FIG. 13 shows a belt liftin IRCLCS.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a safety shutdown system.

Also, auxiliary SMR reformers may be on stand-by, if steam turbine poweris not necessary, multiple steam reform methane reformers may be used tocreate more Hydrogen, for resale. Logistic will be figured into whenthis production is required. Such as long port call, since chemicallooping combustion process is a steady state continuous process, it isbest to utilize steam, if turbine power is not needed.

The Internally Re-Circulating Chemical Looping Combustion Systemprovides clean efficient power, with near and/or zero emissions.Evolving, Emerging, and merging old and new technologies will providesafe, clean, affordable 21^(st) century vehicles, for work, transits,and recreation.

1. (canceled)
 2. An onboard catalytic internally recirculating chemicallooping combustion system (IRCLCS) adapted to convert natural gas intoat least steam, hydrogen, water and carbon dioxide comprising: a fuelreforming chamber including a steam methane reformer (SMR) adapted toaccept natural gas and oxygen, the fuel reforming chamber alsocontaining injected oxidized metal oxides to produce steam and carbondioxide; a steam turbine vapor connected to the fuel reforming chamber,said steam turbine configured to drive an electrical generator; acirculating and recirculating oxidizer generation and reformer systemconfigured to oxidize the metal oxides and transfer them via a bed andair blower to a cyclone vessel by pneumatic transfer and gravity; thecyclone vessel configured to inject the oxidized metal oxides into thefuel reforming chamber; a waste heat capturing system configured tocapture waste heat at a flue outlet at top of the cyclone vessel andtransferring it to pre- and post-heater headers.
 3. The system of claim2, wherein the waste heat capturing system operates on a Rankine Cycle.4. The system of claim 2, wherein the hydrogen is converted to water. 5.The system of claim 2, wherein the hydrogen is stored as either hydrogengas or liquid hydrogen.
 6. The system of claim 2, wherein the carbondioxide is stored as either carbon dioxide gas, liquid carbon dioxide orsolid carbon dioxide.
 7. The system of claim 2, further comprising afuel cell converting hydrogen to electric energy via injected air oroxygen.